17. 妇女节特辑：聚焦阿富汗女性困境

Music：Carry you – Ruelle/Fleurie00:39  “婦”“妇”汉字演变（婦，服也。从女持帚洒埽也）02:14 本期词汇表达03:40 旧闻1：禁止女性在公共场合发声和露面05:58 梅姨声援阿富汗女性的发言08:10 电影《寂静之地》(A Quiet Place)08:47 旧闻2：禁止女性在家中被邻居看见11:08 德国外长观点12:51 塔利班最新发声、电影《妇女参政论者》(Suffragette)本期词汇表达1、empowerment：权利赋予2、bare face：露出面部3、declaration /ˌdekləˈreɪʃn/：声明4、vice and virtue laws：罪恶和美德法5、decree/edict：/ˈiːdɪkt/ 法令6、bar/ban sb from sth：禁止某人做某事7、moral violation：道德违规8、morality police：道德警察9、dungeon /ˈdʌndʒən/：地牢10、persecution /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/：迫害11、gender apartheid：/əˈpɑːrtaɪt/ 性别隔离旧闻一：Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers have issued a ban on women’s voices and bare faces in public under new laws approved by the supreme leader in efforts to combat vice and promote virtue.阿富汗塔利班统治者根据最高领导人批准的新法律，禁止女性在公共场合发声和露面，旨在预防罪恶宣扬美德。They are set out in a 114-page, 35-article document seen by The Associated Press and are the first formal declaration of vice and virtue laws in Afghanistan since the takeover.美联社看到，这份新法规被写入一份114页、包含35条条款的文件中。这是自塔利班掌权以来，阿富汗首次正式颁布此类法规。Taliban supreme leader said last year that Afghan women are provided with a “comfortable and prosperous” life, in spite of decrees barring them from many public spaces, education and most jobs.塔利班最高领导人去年表示，尽管法令禁止阿富汗女性出入众多公共场所、接受教育和从事大多数工作，但她们仍能过上“舒适富足”的生活。The Taliban’s new vice and virtue laws provide a “distressing vision” for Afghanistan’s future, a top U.N.official warned Sunday.…the laws extend the “already intolerable restrictions” on the rights of women and girls, with “even the sound of a female voice” outside the home apparently deemed a moral violation.一位联合国高级官员在周日警告称，塔利班新颁布的道德法为阿富汗的未来描绘了一幅‘令人痛心的图景’。“……这些法规进一步扩大了针对女性权利的‘本已令人难以忍受的限制’，甚至女性在公共场合发声也被视为一种道德违规行为。”旧闻二：The Supreme Leader of the Taliban has issued a new decree to ‘ensure women’s privacy’ in Afghanistan, which states they must not be visible from neighboring homes while cooking, sitting, or standing.塔利班最高领导人发布了一项新法令，旨在“确保阿富汗女性的隐私”，规定女性在做饭、坐着或站立时，不得被邻居看到。In the five-point decree, any two buildings constructed within a pathway’s distance from one another are forbidden to have windows facing the neighbor’s kitchen, water well, or any other area where women are ‘commonly present’.根据这项五点法令，两栋建筑物如果距离较近，则禁止在面向邻居厨房、水井或女性“经常出现”的其他区域的墙壁上开设窗户。Anybody who does have windows which overlook their neighbours property in such a fashion is required to build a wall or take other steps to minimise the ‘harm’ done to their neighbour, the decree states. Such edicts are enforced by a state-sponsored ‘morality police’.法令还规定，任何拥有此类窗户、可以俯瞰邻居房屋的人，必须修建一堵墙或采取其他措施，以尽量减少对邻居造成的“伤害”。这些法令由塔利班政府支持的“道德警察”执行。The move is the latest in a series of sweeping restrictions to women’s freedom imposed by the Taliban since they returned to power in Afghanistan in 2021, as part of a broader movement to exclude women from public life.此举是塔利班自2021年重新掌权以来，对女性自由实施的一系列全面限制中的最新措施，企图将女性排除在公共生活以外。（图为电影《妇女参政论者》台词截图）