Finding the cheat codes to cell identity

In this episode, Fiona Connolly, former Platform Innovation and Automation Scientist at bit.bio, explains how deterministic programming replaces the traditional “pinball machine” model of stem cell differentiation with precise genetic instructions. By identifying the exact transcription factor combinations, the “cheat codes” that define specific cell fates, Fiona’s team engineers induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to reliably become neurons, oligodendrocyte-like cells, and other specialized types. She discusses how digital PCR enables accurate transgene copy number validation and multiplexed screening of hundreds of clones, while RNA-seq and qPCR confirm expression fingerprints. The result? Consistent, scalable, high-quality human cell models that accelerate disease research, particularly in areas like neurodegeneration and multiple sclerosis while reducing reliance on animal models. In Career Corner, Fiona shares her journey from curious “why” kid to molecular biologist obsessed with CRISPR, robotics, and automation. Her advice: don’t over-optimize your career path. Stay pluripotent, explore interdisciplinary skills, embrace new tech, and let curiosity guide the way. Visit the Absolute Gene-ius page to learn more about the guests, hosts, and science featured in the series. Explore how Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio™ Digital and Real-Time PCR Systems support research across neuroscience, oncology, agriculture, and more.