Here's how (and why) music changed so dramatically in the 1990s

There are noteworthy changes in every decade of modern music, but the seismic shifts and chaos of the 1990s were unparalleled. Whether it was the music of your youth, your kids' youth, your parents' youth or even your grandparents' youth, most everyone has noticed (either at the time or now, in retrospect) that the '90s were just different. It was the decade that saw Generation X hand over the music reins to millennials. MTV went from a driving force in music to more of a footnote, and music videos lost importance in the gap years between emphasis on cable channels and the advent of YouTube and streaming in the 2000s. Stylistically, hip-hop was a juggernaut, swinging from gangsta rap to a mainstream phenomenon that permeated into R&B, pop and even rock. Also, fueled by the momentum of Madonna in the 1980s, pop in the 1990s became dominated by women artists - with Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey and Celine Dion taking turns at the top of the charts, and wholesome teen singers like Debbie Gibson and Tiffany, who ushered the genre into the '90s, had been replaced by decidedly less wholesome singers like Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera by decade's end. Latin artists also became permanent fixtures in the mainstream, and thanks to Garth Brooks, country reinvented itself into yet another huge crossover genre, with "hat acts" ruling the roost in the mainstream. And in rock music, huge shifts came in waves. The "hair metal" bands that controlled rock in the late 1980s were all but wiped out by grunge in the early 1990s, flipping the genre's script from mindless, flashy formula pop-with-guitars to something far more introspective, anxious and angry. But grunge was at the forefront for only a few year, and soon enough all manner of "modern rock," "alt-rock" and "college rock" bands - from Weezer to Radiohead to Beck - brought freshness and ingenuity to the sonic landscape. Meanwhile, the 1990s saw the rise of traveling mega-festivals such as Lollapalooza to the Vans Warped Tour. And the Lilith Fair emphasized the unprecedented prominence of women in rock, who came in hard with gritty sounds and raw self-assuredness beyond the jangly pop-rock of 1980s bands like The Go-Go's and The Bangles. This week on "How We Heard It," your hosts - who were young men in the 1990s and at Ground Zero in the music business - shine a light on what was going on in the tumultuous 1990s and how everything seemed to forever change, across the board, in music.