Shock in Trauma; Roadside to Resus

So as promised, and following on from our previous shock episode, this time we've covered the topic of shock in Trauma. It's a massive topic and one that we all, yet again, can make a huge difference for our patients' outcomes.  There is some crossover as you'd expect from the concepts and assessment that we covered in our Shock episode, so we'd recommend taking a listen to that one first. Make sure you have a comfy seat and plenty of refreshments to keep you going for this one as we cover the following; Definition Aetiology Hypovolaemic shock Neurogenic shock Obstructive shock Cardiogenic shock Physiology; Traumatic coagulopathy Other diagnostics Controlling external haemorrhage Pelvic binders REBOA Avoiding coagulopathy BP targets & permissive hypotension Fluid choices & supporting evidence TEG/ROTEM Calcium TXA Vasopressors Preventing hypothermia Relieving obstruction Interventional radiology Damage control surgery As always we'd love to hear any thoughts or comments you have on the website and via twitter, and make sure you take a look at the references and guidelines linked below to draw your own conclusions. Enjoy! Simon, Rob & James References Shock;The Resus Room podcast REBOA;The Resus Room podcast External Haemorrhage;The Resus Room podcast Blood;PHEMCAST TEG & ROTEM;FOAMcast Major Trauma guideline;NICE Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA):a population based gap analysis of trauma patients in England and Wales Nationwide Analysis of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in Civilian Trauma. Joseph B. JAMA Surg. 2019 The Pre-hospital Management of Pelvic Fractures: Initial Consensus Statement. I Scott. FPHC. 2012 RePHILL;Birmingham University Trials Assessment and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries and Neurogenic Shock;Fox A. JEMS Transfusion of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with severe trauma: the PROPPR randomized clinical trial. Holcomb JB. JAMA. 2015 Risks and benefitsof hypotensive resuscitation in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock: a meta-analysis. Owattanapanich N. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2018 The CRASH-2 trial: a randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of the effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events and transfusion requirement in bleeding trauma patients.Roberts I. Health Technol Assess. 2013 TEG and ROTEM for diagnosing trauma‑induced coagulopathy (disorder of the clotting system) in adult trauma patients with bleeding;Cochrane Review. 2015  Optimal Dose, Timing and Ratio of Blood Products in Massive Transfusion: Results from a Systematic Review.McQuilten ZK. Transfus Med Rev. 2018 Prehospital Plasma during Air Medical Transport in Trauma Patients at Risk for Hemorrhagic Shock.Sperry JL. N Engl J Med. 2018