Small Bowel Obstruction

Crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, and obstipation? That is classic Small Bowel Obstruction, and this is one of the most high-yield Surgery Shelf topics because the exam loves to test both recognition and urgency. In this episode, Chris and Mars walk through the textbook presentation, the most common causes like adhesions and hernias, and the key pathophysiology behind bowel dilation, third-spacing, ischemia, necrosis, and perforation. They also break down the diagnosis step by step, including abdominal X ray findings, why computed tomography is the best test, and how to distinguish Small Bowel Obstruction from ileus. On the management side, the episode covers bowel rest, nasogastric decompression, intravenous fluids, electrolyte replacement, and the major red flags that mean the patient needs urgent surgery, including closed-loop obstruction, strangulation, ischemia, perforation, and peritonitis. This is a tight, shelf-focused review built to help you recognize Small Bowel Obstruction quickly and know exactly when conservative management is appropriate versus when it is time for the operating room.