sp.005特别篇｜A Liberal Education [纯英文磨耳朵]

*** introduction 介绍 ***Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist, one of the finest comparative anatomists of the late 19th century托马斯 · 亨利 · 赫胥黎，英国博物学家，19世纪最知名的比较解剖学家之一*** what is a liberal education 何谓通识教育 ***liberal education - 通识教育conception - 概念，构想构思discrepant - 不同的 (discrepancy为名词形式)depend upon / on - 依靠，指望，确信，取决于a keen eye for - 对某件事物 / 某个领域有敏锐的眼光，判断力和观察力plain - 简朴的，清淡的，清晰明了的，简单平凡的elementary - 简单的，初级的，基本的laws of nature - 自然的法则makes the smallest allowance for ignorance - 对最小的过失或错误也不留丝毫宽容metaphor - 隐喻比喻，象征substitute - 代替，替补，代替者。既可作动词，也可作名词使用instruction - 教导，指令命令 earnest - 认真的，诚挚的，热烈的 (in earnest表示认真地，郑重其事地) in harmony with - 与...协调一致，和谐融洽fail to - 未能达到或实现某事strictness - 严格，周密adequate to - 足够的，适当的，相当于susceptible - 容易受影响的，遭受take sb. in hand - 照顾某人，为了改善情况而负责某件事 / 某个人phenomena - 等同于phenomenon，现象，不同寻常的情况consequences of actions - 行动的后果harsh - 严厉的，严格的，恶劣的，艰苦的ignorance - 蒙昧无知intervene - 介入干预，阻碍distinguish - 区分，辨认出 (常见用法为distinguish somebody from somebody)preliminary - 初步的，预赛anticipation - 预料，期望seize upon - 紧紧抓住，迅速接受、采纳，吸收吞并come to heel -  服从顺从，被强制说服tender - 温柔慈爱的，年轻的conscience - 良心，内疚*** conclusion 结论 ***That man, I think, has had a liberal education who has been so trained in youth that his body is the ready servant of his will, and does with ease and pleasure all the work that, as a mechanism, it is capable of; whose intellect is a clear, cold, logic engine, with all its parts of equal strength, and in smooth working order; ready, like a steam engine, to be turned to any kind of work, and spin the gossamers as well as forge the anchors of the mind; whose mind is stored with a knowledge of the great and fundamental truths of nature and of the laws of her operations; one who, no stunted ascetic, is full of life and fire, but whose passions are trained to come to heel by a vigorous will, the servant of a tender conscience; who has learned to love all beauty, whether of nature or of art, to hate all vileness, and to respect others as himself.我认为，一个接受过通识教育的人应该是这样的：他年轻时受到的训练可以使其身体服从自己的意志，就像一台机器一样轻松而愉悦地从事一切工作；他的心智好比一台敏锐、冷静而有逻辑性的引擎，每个部分能力相当，有条不紊地运行着；他又如一台蒸汽机，待于效力各种工作，纺织思想之纱，铸就心智之锚；他的大脑中充满着知识，既有关于大自然的重要真理和知识，也有自然界运行的基本规律；他并不是一个不正常的苦行人，他的生活中总是充满生机和热情，但他的激情永远受制于强大的意志力和敏感的良知；他学会去热爱一切美好的事物，不论是自然之美还是艺术之美；他憎恨所有的丑恶，并做到尊人如待己。