Apology of Socrates by Plato.

Apology of Socrates by Plato.  Plato's Apology is not a novel, but a Socratic dialogue recounting Socrates' defense speech at his trial in 399 BC, where he was charged with impiety and corrupting the youth. The title comes from the Greek apologia, meaning a speech in defense, not an admission of guilt, as Socrates defends his life's work of questioning Athenians and seeking truth, famously claiming his wisdom comes from knowing he knows nothing. It's a foundational text in philosophy, portraying Socrates as a "gadfly" challenging the status quo, and is one of four dialogues (with Euthyphro, Phaedo, and Crito) that detail his final days.