Dialogues in International History

In 1922, the Greeks and the remaining Armenians in what is now Turkey were forced to leave their homeland, and the properties they left behind were termed "abandoned property" (emval-i metruke). This legal designation implied that the absent owners still held their property rights and were represented by the state. However, in practice, their homes, lands, and belongings were confiscated. These assets were repurposed to satisfy the immediate housing needs of the remaining population, distributed among the wealthy and powerful, and sold at public auctions. Initially, only a small portion of the abandoned property was under the control of the new Ankara government, which was eager to use it as a source of revenue for its strained finances. Before this could be fully realized, the government encountered various forms of both active and passive resistance: homeless individuals and refugees took over the "abandoned" properties, while members of parliament were initially hesitant to pass laws that would legitimize government control over these assets. Beginning in 1924, the compensation for incoming migrants from Greece (the so-called exchangees) threatened the state's financial stability and created friction between the newcomers and the existing residents. By exploring these aspects of the "abandoned property" situation, this book offers important insights into the socio-economic and political history of early republican Turkey.

The revival and unity movement led by Naum Faiq gave rise to numerous influential individuals who greatly shaped the young Assyrian national movement through their literary works. Among Naum Faiq's long-time collaborators was Senharib Balley (1878-1971), who became a notable champion for the national cause, actively promoting it through his writings.In his early years, Balley's family endured tragedy during the 1895 massacres in Amid (Diyarbakir), resulting in the deaths of his father and one brother, while he himself suffered serious injuries. In his hometown, he quickly rose to prominence as a key figure in the Intibah movement at the turn of the 20th century, playing an essential role in its growth across Upper Mesopotamia.In the United States, Senharib Balley's name has become closely associated with the founding of various organizations, including the Assyrian American National Federation, which he co-founded in 1913. Even a few years before his death, he continued to share his insights on current Assyrian issues through different magazines.Balley's extensive writings and correspondence provide readers with a window into the intellectual discussions that took place during a difficult fifty-year span for our people. Yet, in many respects, these works inspire a sense of bravery and assurance regarding national identity and the necessity of safeguarding it.

What drove over 15,000 people from the former Soviet bloc to enlist in ISIS, making up nearly a third of the group's foreign fighters? In this insightful study, renowned journalist Katerina Sergatskova explores one of the most overlooked facets of global terrorism. Drawing on years of investigative journalism from Georgia, Turkey, Iraq, and Ukraine, she reveals the personal stories of ISIS recruits, their families, and even those falsely accused of ties to the organization. Through engaging interviews and groundbreaking reporting, Sergatskova highlights how post-Soviet fighters shaped ISIS, the group's growth into the Caucasus, and the unexpected role Ukraine has played as a sanctuary for some of its veterans. Alongside this narrative, she connects modern extremist networks to historical figures like Dzhokhar Dudayev and Shamil Basayev, illustrating how past conflicts have laid the groundwork for ISIS's reach. This examination is not only deeply human but also carries significant geopolitical weight, challenging common perceptions about terrorism, migration, and security in the post-Soviet context — underscoring the necessity of grasping these dynamics for global stability.

Bringing together insights from fifty distinguished and emerging scholars, *The I.B. Tauris Handbook of the Late Ottoman Empire* delves into the academic discourse that has developed in recent decades regarding the Late Ottoman period and its enduring impacts. The handbook is structured into seven chronological sections, comprising thirty-four chapters and eight additional essays, guiding readers from the late eighteenth century through to the early twenty-first century. The initial two sections concentrate on the Ottoman Empire before the Young Turk Revolution of 1908. Section III examines diachronic themes such as Arab and Kurdish nationalism, missionaries, and Zionism. Sections IV and V focus on the post-1908 era, characterized by the emergence of the Young Turks (notably the Committee of Union and Progress), the Great War, and considerable violence. Section VI addresses the treaty system established after the Great War and its long-lasting effects, while Section VII explores the post-Ottoman realities that are closely linked to the late Ottoman legacy. This volume also features two bibliographies, a timeline of political events, and a reflective afterword on the current state of the field. By analyzing the scholarship and its interdisciplinary aspects, and highlighting mass violence as a crucial element in the region's history, this handbook serves as an invaluable resource for researchers, diplomats, students, and general readers.

Ethiopia has captivated observers since ancient times. This book provides a novel perspective on Ethiopian history up to the year 1500, beginning with the Aksumite civilization at the dawn of the Common Era. It revisits well-known stories such as the narrative of the Queen of Sheba, scrutinizes the ascent and decline of Aksum, investigates the role of Muslims and Islam in Ethiopian society, and underscores the architectural wonders of Lalibela’s rock-hewn churches. By concentrating on the Golden Age of the early Solomonic rulers, the book integrates the latest research to deliver a clearer and more nuanced understanding of this rich history than ever before.

This year commemorates the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, a time when the United States is grappling with profound challenges to its legal structure, governance systems, and civic values. The foundational principles of pluralism are being questioned. The nation is witnessing deep political divides, worries that the economic framework is failing to provide equal opportunities, and a technological upheaval that could transform our understanding of what it means to be human. This anthology brings together more than 50 legal scholars from the Harvard Law School faculty to explore this crucial moment in American law and governance. Edited by Alexandra Natapoff and Guy-Uriel Charles, this collection focuses on the audacious experiment in American legal governance that began in 1776, a topic that remains hotly contested after 250 years. Some essays examine the recent surge in executive power, particularly its alarming willingness to resort to violence, both domestically and internationally. Other essays probe the persistent divides among workers, consumers, and markets, posing difficult questions about democratic accountability in our market-driven economy. Furthermore, some contributors reflect on the future of our knowledge and governance institutions as they navigate the challenges posed by technological and informational disruptions. Engaging and thought-provoking, this collection not only enriches essential discussions crucial for a thriving democracy at this pivotal moment but also for the future.

Following the defection of Soviet cipher clerk Igor Gouzenko in 1945, Canada was stunned by the alarming revelation that some of its own citizens were engaged in espionage for the Soviet Union. This research explores how the Canadian government utilized the controversial Kellock-Taschereau Commission—sometimes judiciously and at other times recklessly—to uncover and eliminate domestic spies during the early Cold War period. Drawing on a diverse range of sources, including the Commission’s comprehensive records, GRU documents supplied by Gouzenko, American Venona decryptions, Soviet KGB archives, and recently declassified files from British MI5 and MI6, authors Reinhold Kramer and Tom Mitchell offer a detailed account of the crisis. They reveal that, despite certain errors concerning civil liberties, the government's suspicions were largely justified. The book intricately weaves together the evidence against the spies, the tactics of Soviet espionage, the complex legal challenges encountered by the state, and the resulting political fallout. With access to hundreds of newly released British intelligence documents, this study provides both experts and general readers with fresh insights into the espionage crisis of 1945–46 and its significant role in exposing Canada’s postwar security and intelligence vulnerabilities.

In 1760, after Montcalm's defeat at the Plains of Abraham, the French Empire was permanently ousted from the Saint Lawrence Valley. This historical event is well-known. However, it is less recognized that this pivotal victory traces back nearly a century earlier, when settler colonial systems began to take root on the edges of the Maritime Peninsula, which includes modern-day Quebec, Maritime Canada, and New England. Historian Thomas Peace employs the idea of spaces of power to demonstrate that, despite changes in imperial control and settler colonial advances into their lands, the local Mi’kmaw, Wabanaki, Peskotomuhkati, Wolastoqiyik, and Wendat nations viewed the contested Peninsula as a cohesive whole, rather than a territory divided by later colonial lines. This intriguing history illustrates how the intertwined concepts of space and power—deeply shaped by Indigenous agency and diplomacy—affected interactions in the eighteenth-century Maritime Peninsula. Additionally, it underscores how, following the end of the Seven Years’ War, this narrative was largely neglected as settlers flooded the Peninsula, laying the groundwork for the formation of Canada and the United States.

Historically overlooked, the Ottoman Empire was a hub of intellectual engagement, geopolitical power, and progressive governance. At its zenith in the sixteenth century, the Ottomans demonstrated extraordinary military prowess and held exclusive control over vital trade routes, governing a territory and population larger than any other global entity, effectively driving Europeans from the Mediterranean to the New World. Yet, despite its profound influence and crucial role in shaping the contemporary world, the narrative of the Ottoman Empire has been misrepresented, distorted, and even suppressed in Western accounts for centuries. In light of this, Alan Mikhail presents a crucial reinterpretation of Ottoman history, detailing the empire's global conquests through the fascinating biography of Sultan Selim I (1470–1520). Born to a concubine and the fourth son among his father's ten children, Selim was not initially expected to ascend to the throne. However, through a blend of personal charisma, military acumen, and the backing of his exceptionally gifted mother, Gülbahar, Selim took control of the empire in 1512. His unyielding ambition led to nearly tripling the territory under Ottoman governance, establishing a political framework that endured into the twentieth century. At the same time, Selim, honored by his subjects as "God’s Shadow on Earth," fostered religious pluralism by welcoming Jews and other minority communities into the empire; he advocated for education and philosophy; and he even wrote his own poetry.

In 1867, Alfred LaRocque, a young man hailing from Quebec, left his home to defend the papacy in Rome. Fast forward to 1937, when journalist and communist Jean Watts traveled to Spain to report on the civil war. In 2023, former corporal Kyle Porter took up arms in Ukraine. Despite the variations in time and purpose, these three individuals are linked to tens of thousands of Canadians who have fought, supported, or lost their lives in defense of other nations or oppressed peoples. The stories of transnational fighters complicate Canada’s established war narrative, shedding light on the motivations and passions that drove individuals to fight abroad, as well as the legal and political ramifications that followed them home. Spanning a century and a half, "Wars of Conviction" delves into who fought, their reasons for doing so, and their experiences during and after the conflict. The decisions made by Canadians to join the Papal Zouaves, the Spanish Civil War, the Sino-Japanese War, Vietnam, Syria, and Ukraine ignited both admiration and outrage, attracted state scrutiny, and initiated lasting discussions about how such fighters should be honored. This volume provides a carefully crafted portrait of the fighters who committed to making foreign wars their own, challenging traditional military history to better understand an uncertain present.

In 1971, shortly after completing his high school education, Witney Schneidman found himself at a secondary school in Mbarara, Uganda, where he listened to the radio as Idi Amin announced his takeover of the nation. He quickly recognized that Africa was experiencing a profound transformation—colonialism was waning, independence was on the rise, and liberation movements were valiantly opposing white rule in Southern Africa.  This realization motivated him to dedicate his life to enhancing the relationship between the United States and African countries. Schneidman shares the numerous risks and obstacles he encountered in his quest to influence U.S. policy regarding Africa and to support the continent's advancement. He reflects on the isolation of being the only American student at a university in Tanzania during the height of the Cold War, his journeys through 30 African nations, and the policy successes that established the groundwork for U.S.-Africa relations. His extraordinary journey serves as a compelling reminder of the importance of engaging with a continent that is shaping the future of the world.

The quest for independence in Guinea-Bissau and Cabo Verde was shaped by a variety of interactions and connections. The close association between the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cabo Verde (PAIGC – Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde) and the leadership of Amílcar Cabral has led to contemporary scholarship focusing on the struggle of the liberation movement and the role of its Secretary-General within a unified analytical framework. Despite the wealth of documentation available, many studies fail to address the numerous historiographical gaps that still exist regarding this topic. This monograph intends to uncover various analytical pathways through which Cabral's influence can contribute to a deeper understanding of the rise to statehood of both territories and the construction of the memory of the anti-colonial struggle.

The Ottoman Empire was one of the most dominant empires in the annals of history, governing territories across Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa for more than six hundred years. At its peak during the sixteenth century, it was unrivaled in military strength, financial stability, centralized authority, and effective governance when compared to any competing power. For centuries, the sultans were acknowledged as the most influential and esteemed "defenders of Islam." In a notable contrast to the Christian powers of Europe, this Islamic empire embraced a rich diversity of religious beliefs. This examination encompasses the realms of politics, warfare, economics, society, culture, and religion, revealing how the Ottoman state evolved from a small principality in the northwestern part of Anatolia (the Asian section of present-day Turkey) into a vast world empire that extended from Hungary to Iraq and Algeria. After enduring centuries of hardship, it experienced a revival, and ultimately—though reduced in size and challenged by separatist nationalism in the Balkans and European imperialism in Asia and North Africa—it witnessed a remarkable resurgence of reformist energy aimed at preserving its existence. This reformist spirit enabled the Turkish people to survive the brink of destruction during World War I and to rise again as the independent Turkish Republic. In addition to exploring the state's crucial role in upholding the empire, Carter Findley highlights the extraordinarily diverse communities that thrived within its expansive borders, including nomadic tribes, settled agricultural populations, and a variety of religious groups, encompassing Muslims, Christians, and Jews. The pages are filled with charismatic Sufis, Islamic warriors, merchants in Cairo, enthusiastic travelers, a would-be Jewish messiah, revolutionaries, and pioneering women novelists.This study adeptly merges extensive academic research, primary documents, maps, and a multitude of illustrations in both color and monochrome, effectively illuminating the important themes and the human experiences of the women and men whose actions—both commendable and flawed—were vital in forming the illustrious history of this enduring, cosmopolitan empire.

This monograph uncovers the escalating tensions in civil-military relations since the Second World War, as Canadian civil and military societies have increasingly disagreed on the objectives and composition of the armed forces. From the onset of the Cold War, through the discussions on nuclear weapons, and into the Afghanistan war, civilian government agencies and policymakers have worked to ensure that the armed forces of a small nation like Canada remain relevant in a thermonuclear context, while also making sure that military membership reflects the wider population. This has led to ongoing crises regarding the role and combat capabilities of the armed forces, as well as the inclusion of francophones, women, and LGBTQ+ individuals. The result has been a continuous cycle of civilian directives, military resistance, and civilian interventions to enforce necessary changes. In this uneven dialogue, the armed services have struggled to articulate a Canadian military identity, while civilians have primarily engaged to alter policies, always having the final say. In this research, Peter Kasurak recommends two key changes to break this stalemate. Political leaders should become more actively and consistently involved in shaping military policy, while the military must reevaluate its understanding of the profession of arms to better align with civil society, rather than focusing on independence and separation. This well-researched and impartial study provides valuable insights for scholars and students of military history, Canadian politics, political science, and security studies, as well as for both civil and military stakeholders in the defense community.

In the summer of 1847, over four hundred ships arrived in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, carrying Irish men, women, and children fleeing the devastation and starvation caused by the Great Potato Famine.Tens of thousands of these refugees began new lives across various regions of Canada, in both urban and rural settings, within Anglophone and Francophone communities.Although Canada was still a relatively young province within the British Empire, this significant migration would have a lasting and profound effect on its identity.This monograph examines how individuals confronted, endured, and remembered the experience of famine migration.The essays investigate the transatlantic journey; the fundraising initiatives and aid organizations; the challenges encountered by cities such as Quebec, Saint John, Montreal, Toronto, Kingston, and Hamilton, along with their public discussions regarding the implications of such a substantial influx of newcomers; the related issues of disease, poverty, mental health challenges, death, and burial; the stories of orphaned children; and the various ways in which the memory of the famine has been commemorated.This tragic demographic catastrophe in nineteenth-century Europe ignited a surge of political writings, artistic and literary works, and memorial practices, intertwining with the narratives of Irish nationalism and the formation of Canada. This study provides a new perspective on the social ramifications of Ireland’s famine migration, emphasizing the resilience and adaptability of both the receiving communities and the migrants themselves.

This book delves into the histories and personal stories of fourteen ethnic minority groups residing in contemporary Ukraine: Czechs and Slovaks, Meskhetian Turks, Swedes, Romanians, Hungarians, Roma, Jews, ‘Liptaks’, Gagauzes, Germans, Vlachs, Poles, Crimean Tatars, and Armenians. Through a blend of academic research, fieldwork, and interviews, Olesya Yaremchuk’s literary reportages provide realistic, insightful, and historically informed portrayals of how these varied groups arrived in Ukraine and their experiences within its borders. Complemented by striking photographs that animate the reportages, this work acts as a record of the numerous voluntary and involuntary migrations that have influenced Ukraine throughout the centuries. Additionally, the book presents a heartfelt—and timely—examination of the small pockets of cultural diversity in Ukraine that have resisted the Soviet drive for linguistic, cultural, and religious homogenization, warranting acknowledgment within the larger framework of Ukraine’s cultural identity.

In this study, Bryan MacMahon prioritizes human stories over simple statistics, as he depicts the remarkable occurrences, upheavals, and challenges of the famine years through the eyes of those who lived through them, revealing insights that have remained concealed and unexplored for 170 years.This publication narrates events in Tralee and North Kerry, offering a thorough overview and a compassionate understanding of the suffering experienced by thousands in the area. The contemporary narratives allow readers to revisit the distressing events and comprehend the severe dilemmas faced by individuals who were not directly affected by hunger or illness.Additionally, this work presents the names and inquest information of some of the deceased, along with moving portrayals of life in the workhouses of Tralee and Listowel. The book also addresses stories of scandals and possible sexual abuse within the workhouse, alongside numerous instances of altruistic humanitarian actions.

Navigating the realm of foreign policy is a multifaceted challenge. Typically, obstacles and proposed solutions are seen as distinct unless a leader can rally enough support for an idea that promotes cohesion. As the prime minister often puts forth this idea – setting the agenda and evaluating if the timing is right for a viable, effective solution – Canadian foreign policy can be summarized through the actions of these leaders.This monograph explores how prime ministers from Sir John A. Macdonald to Justin Trudeau have shaped foreign policy by manipulating governmental structures, selecting and discarding options, and leaving their imprint on the process.Contributors provide new, sometimes surprising perspectives on a wide range of policy choices – whether to raise or lower departmental budgets, to create or dismantle alliances, to engage in trade relations, and to handle the prime minister’s personal diplomacy – particularly regarding how these choices affected the bureaucracies tasked with implementing foreign policy both diplomatically and militarily.No other publication has undertaken a thorough examination of the crucial role Canadian prime ministers play in crafting foreign policy. This innovative viewpoint is bound to foster a renewed appreciation for the essential personal engagement and insight necessary for a successful strategy in international relations.

This book explores the origins, actions, and failures of Greek Cypriot nationalists in their pursuit to unify Cyprus with Greece. Andrew Novo investigates the anti-colonial struggle through the lens of: the competition for the nationalist narrative in Cyprus between the Left and Right, the conflicting Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot nationalisms on the island, the roles of Turkey and Greece in the island's strife, and the British Empire's concerns during its post-World War II decline.Beyond being merely a historical account of the period, an examination of British policies, or a depiction of counter-insurgency strategies, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the enosis movement's foundations and its practical implications. It argues that the strategic myopia of the enosis movement limited its cause, influenced its actions, and was a primary reason for its failure. Today, Cyprus remains split and occupied, facing the lingering challenges of its history.

Ethiopian emperors and their adversaries documented their accomplishments, including initiatives aimed at promoting peace, through a written language. This book emphasizes and analyzes historically substantiated instances, tracing back to 1769, where restorative justice techniques were utilized to resolve conflicts and restore unity within the country. This monograph investigates Ethiopia’s evolving viewpoint on restorative justice, transitioning from the ‘forgive and forget’ attitude of the *Zemene Mesafint* (Era of the Princes), during which offenders were granted pardons, allowing them to regroup and fortify their forces for subsequent confrontations, to a framework of conditional forgiveness recorded by the imperial court, dependent on acts of atonement. Ethiopia’s rich history of experimenting with various restorative justice methods illustrates its ingenuity, flexibility, and resourcefulness. Nevertheless, as the twentieth century progressed, effective, indigenous restorative justice practices were eclipsed by Western legal frameworks that emphasized punishment.

This monograph poses an intriguing question: "What role does memory play during a political transition?" By exploring Ethiopian history, transitional justice, and academic fields that deal with memory, museums, and trauma, Bridget Conley reveals a rich narrative filled with global, transnational, national, and local influences, all centered around a small museum in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia—the Red Terror Martyrs Memorial Museum. This analysis comes from various perspectives: neither the Ethiopian situation nor the process of memorialization is typically at the forefront of transitional justice debates, and within Ethiopia, the history of the Red Terror is frequently ignored in current political discussions. From these complex perspectives, traumatic memory surfaces as a multifaceted social and political force. The roles, meanings, and constraints of memory become clear through the unique interactions among memory advocates, survivor-docents, and visitors. Memory from the margins proves to be impactful in how it disrupts rather than creates new community forms.

Ethiopian emperors and their adversaries documented their accomplishments, including initiatives aimed at promoting peace, through a written language. This book emphasizes and analyzes historically substantiated instances, tracing back to 1769, where restorative justice techniques were utilized to resolve conflicts and restore unity within the country. This monograph investigates Ethiopia’s evolving viewpoint on restorative justice, transitioning from the ‘forgive and forget’ attitude of the *Zemene Mesafint* (Era of the Princes), during which offenders were granted pardons, allowing them to regroup and fortify their forces for subsequent confrontations, to a framework of conditional forgiveness recorded by the imperial court, dependent on acts of atonement. Ethiopia’s rich history of experimenting with various restorative justice methods illustrates its ingenuity, flexibility, and resourcefulness. Nevertheless, as the twentieth century progressed, effective, indigenous restorative justice practices were eclipsed by Western legal frameworks that emphasized punishment.

During the era of French colonial rule in Indochina, around two hundred thousand Indochinese individuals spent time in France. This research presents a captivating and thorough social, cultural, and political history of this varied group, which included everyone from ruling monarchs to the most marginalized laborers. Utilizing a range of rich yet often overlooked archives, Charles Keith explores how French colonialism extended Indochina’s colonial society into France, where Indochinese individuals studied, worked, fought, and lived in imperial environments that were significantly different from those they had departed. Their time in France transformed these travelers, and upon their return to Indochina, they subsequently altered colonial society. In conclusion, Indochinese people did not simply encounter 'France' in the colony: they traveled there and experienced it firsthand.

When the Belfast pogrom, which targeted Catholics, broke out in July 1920, Tom Glennon was a 20-year-old officer in the IRA. Over the next three years, he transitioned from fierce street battles in Belfast to organizing a flying column in the Glens of Antrim, then executing a bold escape from captivity in the Curragh, and finally facing the brutality of civil war in Donegal. Marked by his experiences, he aimed to build a new life in Australia, only to encounter more tragedy. His complete silence regarding his past meant that nearly eighty years went by before his son discovered the truth about his mother's death.Now, utilizing contemporary documents along with the testimonies of both allies and adversaries, his grandson not only narrates the story of Tom Glennon's life but also revisits the myths surrounding the pogrom and scrutinizes Michael Collins' Northern Policy, posing the question: were the Northern IRA victims of a horrific betrayal?

*No Place Like Home* explores a lesser-known chapter in Canada's national narrative: the initial use of internment during the Great War under the War Measures Act.By addressing the challenges of immigrant integration and belonging, Bohdan Kordan illustrates how legal, political, and cultural frameworks shaped perceptions of immigrants from enemy nations. He demonstrates how, amidst the economic, social, and political turmoil of war, the use of internment as a security measure and political decision profoundly impacted the lives of countless innocent individuals. *No Place Like Home* sheds light on new insights regarding Canadian internment and the government's role and accountability during wartime. By concentrating on the status of enemy aliens and the erosion of the military-civilian divide, the book also provides a wider social perspective of the era and delivers a critical evaluation of the diverse experiences within the camps.Kordan expresses that the experience of internment, truly understood only by those who lived through it, can still resonate as a significant shared history, and he presents compelling arguments for the necessity of understanding and honoring this past.

Ireland's Great Famine led to the most severe refugee crisis in Europe during the nineteenth century. Over 1.5 million individuals departed from Ireland, with many finding their way to Canada. Among the most at risk were nearly 1,700 orphaned children who suddenly faced destitution in a foreign land. The narrative that Canada often shares is that these orphans were welcomed into kind families and quickly adjusted to their new circumstances, but this cheerful conclusion is largely a fabrication.In Finding Molly Johnson, Mark McGowan explores the fate of these children. Lacking state assistance, the Catholic and Protestant churches united to become the main caregivers for the orphans. The children were collected, nourished, educated, and placed in family homes across Saint John, Quebec, Montreal, Bytown, Kingston, and Toronto. However, most were not regarded as true family members but rather as inexpensive labor. Many escaped their placements, joining countless other Irish refugees on the Canadian frontier in search of employment, extended family, and the chance to start anew.

This book is a compilation of essays from Greek-born adoptees who lived through the 1950s, a time following two wars that devastated the nation. This collection is unique, as it marks the first time this group of adoptees has united to share their personal narratives and express their deeply held emotions. While many adoptees may have similar experiences and share common thoughts regarding their adoptions, their individual stories are remarkably diverse, with some being distressing and others inspiring. The collection aims to illustrate the long-term effects of adoption, regardless of whether children were separated from their parents and homeland as infants or as young children. The book will explore adoption from various disciplinary perspectives, including sociology, psychology, and anthropology. Additionally, it will contextualize these adoptions within a larger historical framework. The work is further enriched by a Foreword from Dr. Andrew Mossin, a Greek-born adoptee, academic, poet, and writer; by Dr. Gonda Van Steen, a distinguished modern Greek scholar, who contributes the first chapter discussing the historical context of such adoptions; and in the final chapter, by Dr. Eirini Papadaki, who has extensively researched the women of Greece and adoption, providing readers with a contemporary evaluation of adoption practices in Greece today.