HGGS - Us and Them

Antoni Lukasik (Warsaw University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - What are the limits of understanding within the framework of language in political contexts?- How does Ludwig Wittgenstein’s philosophy reshape our understanding of language and communication?- Can interdisciplinary and empirical approaches improve political communication, particularly in climate policy? In this episode, Antoni Łukasik, researcher from the Department of Philosophy at Warsaw University and participant in the 4EU+ Program Collegio Futuro 2026, takes us on an interdisciplinary journey through the complex relationship between language, understanding, and political communication. Starting from the idea, famously expressed by Antoine deSaint-Exupéry, that “language is a source of misunderstanding,” the conversation explores how linguistic structures shape not only communication but also perception and public discourse. Drawing on the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Antoni Łukasik introduces a shift from viewing language as a mirror of reality to understanding it as a tool for interaction, emphasizing how meaning emerges through use, context, and social exchange. Building on this philosophical foundation, the episode examines the limitations of classical models of political deliberation, highlighting empirical findings that challenge the assumption that rational argument alone leads to consensus. Instead, the discussion turns to holistic and discursive processes that shape public opinion. The discussion further explores the concept of vernacularization and highlights a striking reverse dynamic example in which indigenous knowledge systems in Ecuador have influenced formal political and legal structures from the bottom up. By combining philosophical inquiry with empirical methods such as qualitative fieldwork, this episode sheds light on the challenges of communicating across paradigms, cultures, and disciplines. It also raises fundamental questions about whether universal models of communication are possible or whether we must instead embrace plurality, uncertainty, and contextual understanding. Join us as we explore the boundaries of language, the challenges of political communication, and the possibilities of interdisciplinary approaches for fostering clearer dialogue in an increasingly complex world! Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Antoni Łukasik and His Academic Background(05:53) Ludwig Wittgenstein and the Philosophy of Language(17:03) Communication Models and Discursive Processes(22:54) Research Design and Case Selection: Climate Policy and Competing Worldviews(28:32) Vernacularization and Knowledge Transfer(31:05) Fieldwork Reflections and Methodological Challenges(34:31) Scientific Methodology(38:58) Hypotheses, Falsification, and Scientific Inquiry(42:39) Personal Reflection: Interdisciplinary Research and Collegio Futuro(45:18) Personal Reflection: Future Research Plans(47:36) OutroKeywordsLanguage, Political Communication, Climate Policy, Philosophy, Philosophy of Language, Empirical Philosophy, Environmental Philosophy, Philosophy of Science, Ecuador, Public Discourse, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn, Understanding, Social Representation, Empirical Methods, Vernacularization, Qualitative Fieldwork, Critical Discourse Analysis, Contextual Analysis, Interdisciplinary Research, Interdisciplinary Scholarship, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Scholarly Conversations, Interdisciplinary Discussions, Interviews with Scholars, University Discourse, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Research Podcast, University Podcast, Heidelberg University, University of Warsaw, Collegio Futuro

Elizaveta Savina (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - What are the fundamental differences between first and second language acquisition? - How do implicit and explicit learning processes shape language learning outcomes? - What role does structural priming play in second language acquisition? In this episode, Elizaveta Savina, PhD Student from the Heidelberg University Language and Cognition Lab (HULC) at the Institute of German as a Foreign Philology, introduces us to the complex and fascinating dynamics of first and second language acquisition from the perspectives of psycholinguistics and cognitive science. Drawing on her research, Elizaveta Savina explores how cognitive mechanisms operate behind the scenes during language acquisition, emphasizing the roles of implicit and explicit learning processes. Within this framework, she highlights the concept of structural priming as a key mechanism that enables learners to internalize grammatical structures through repeated exposure, thereby facilitating fluency and comprehension. The conversation further sheds light on empirical methods such as eye-tracking in the visual world paradigm, offering insights into how researchers investigate real-time language processing and learning. Join us as we explore the cognitive foundations of language learning, the challenges and opportunities of acquiring a second language, and what these insights reveal about human cognition and communication more broadly! For Elizaveta Savina’s current study:Flyer: https://heibox.uni-heidelberg.de/f/f4b6ed8cb083462986a5/Appointment Calendar: https://koalendar.com/e/studie-eye-tracking-idf Heidelberg University Language and Cognition Lab (HULC):https://www.hulclab.eu/research/ Timeline (00:00) Intro (00:24) Introducing Elizaveta Savina and Her Academic Background (03:01) Motivation Behind the Research Topic Theoretical Implications (05:41) Differences Between First and Second Language Acquisition (08:40) Implicit vs. Explicit Learning (11:28) Implicit Learning in Cognitive Science (12:41) Acquisition vs. Learning (15:19) Structural Priming Explained (18:19) Structural Priming and Predictive Coding Theory (24:54) Learning during Sleep? Methodological Insights in Psycholinguistic Research (27:42) Research Hypotheses (29:21) Sciences of Cognition and Language (32:50) Eye-Tracking and the Visual World Paradigm (35:42) Requirements of Psycholinguistic Research (37:51) Interdisciplinary Perspectives of Cognitive Science at Heidelberg University (40:03) Practical Implications for Researching German Learners (44:16) Challenges of Learning German Grammar (47:08) Structural Priming State of Art and Novelty Personal Perspectives (49:41) Personal Reflections on Language Learning (51:12) Advantages of Early and Late Language Learning (55:26) Further Language Learning Plans (58:15) Outro  Keywords Language Learning, Language Acquisition, Psycholinguistics, Cognitive Science, Second Language Acquisition, First Language Acquisition, Language Journey, Structural Priming, Implicit Learning, Explicit Learning, Eye Tracking, Linguistics, HULC, Interdisciplinary Research, Interdisciplinary Scholarship, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Scholarly Conversations, Interdisciplinary Discussions, Interviews with Scholars, University Discourse, Us and Them, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Research Podcast, University Podcast, Heidelberg University

Prof. Dr. Andreas Freytag (Friedrich Schiller University Jena) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - What role does the G7 play within the broader framework of global governance? - How does the informal structure of the G7 shape international cooperation and policy-making? - What challenges does the G7 face in an evolving multipolar world? In this episode, Prof. Dr. Andreas Freytag from the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Chair of Economic Policy at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena guides us through the complex dynamics of global governance and introduces his recent book “The Elgar Companion to the G7: 50 Years of the G7.” Drawing on his long-standing research in international political economy, Prof. Freytag explores the historical development and enduring relevance of the G7 as an informal yet influential platform for international cooperation. He explains how the G7’s unique structure enables open dialogue and flexible coordination among leading economies. At the same time, the conversation addresses key challenges facing the G7 today, including transboundary issues such as climate change and financial crises, shifting global power dynamics and the increasing preference for bilateral over multilateral agreements. The discussion further highlights the G7’s achievements, such as coordinated responses to economic crises and debt relief initiatives, while also reflecting on its evolving role alongside institutions like the G20 and emerging groupings such as BRICS. Looking ahead, Prof. Freytag offers insights into how the G7 can remain relevant by strengthening international cooperation, upholding shared values, and adapting to an increasingly complex global landscape. Join us as we explore how informal diplomacy, economic policy, and international collaboration intersect in shaping global governance today! For Prof. Dr. Andreas Freytag’s Academic Website:https://www.wipo.uni-jena.de/en Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Prof. Dr. Freytag and His Academic Background(02:51) The Field of Political Economy(03:54) Motivation behind the Book “The Elgar Companion to the G7: 50 Years of the G7”(06:04) The Significance of International Collaboration(07:51) The Role of the G7 in Global Governance and Its Informal Structure(11:56) Multilateral vs. Bilateral Trade Agreements(13:35) The Relationship between G7 and Russia(15:50) The Role of the G20 in Global Governance(17:19) The Emergence of BRICS on the Global Stage(19:45) Historical Achievements of the G7(23:54) Policy Recommendations for the G7(26:09) Future of the G7(28:06) Personal Reflection: Future Academic Research Plans(30:12) Outro KeywordsG7, Group of Seven, Global Governance, International Relations, Economics, Global Politics, BRICS, Debt Relief, Multilateralism, Bilateralism, Global Diplomacy, Informal Diplomacy, Economic Policy, Political Economy, Policy Making, G20, Global Challenges, Regional Initiatives, Interdisciplinary Research, International Collaboration, Interdisciplinary Scholarship, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Scholarly Conversations, Interdisciplinary Discussions, Interviews with Scholars, University Discourse, Us and Them, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Heidelberg University, University Jena

Dr. Maureen McGowan, (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - How can peer referral strategies enhance HIV testing and prevention efforts?- What challenges arise when aligning public health research, policy, and local cultural contexts?- What role does qualitative research play in understanding and addressing both local and global challenges? In this episode, Dr. Maureen McGowan from the Heidelberg Institute of Global Health at Heidelberg University introduces us to the complex and multifaceted challenges of HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on her research, Dr. McGowan elaborates on how gender dynamics and structural inequalities shape vulnerability within the context of HIV prevention, particularly among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa. Within this framework, she highlights the significance of innovative strategies such as peer referral, demonstrating how community-based approaches and social support can substantially increase HIV testing and the uptake of prevention methods. At the same time, she reflects on the importance of stakeholder engagement and ethical considerations, as well as the challenges of bridging the gap between research and policy across diverse local contexts. The conversation further underscores the value of qualitative research methods, alongside interdisciplinary and international collaboration, in developing sustainable and culturally sensitive public health interventions. Join us as we explore how HIV prevention efforts reveal broader dynamics of trust and cooperation, and what they teach us about addressing global health challenges! For Dr. Maureen McGowan´s Academic Profile:https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maureen-Mcgowan?ev=hdr_xprf Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Dr. McGowan and Her Academic Background(02:29) Motivation Behind the Research Topic(04:17) Understanding Challenges in HIV Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa(07:20) Gender Disparities in HIV Exposure(09:25) Peer Referral as a Strategy for HIV Prevention(11:24) Recommendation for Strengthening Peer Referral in HIV Prevention(12:42) The Role of Social Support in HIV Prevention(15:34) Key Stakeholders in HIV Prevention Efforts(17:37) The Importance of a Shared Understanding among Stakeholders(19:08) Bridging the Gap Between Research and Policy(20:45) Ethical Considerations in HIV Research(22:08) The Significance and Challenges of International Collaboration in Public Health(23:52) The Need for Interdisciplinary Approaches in HIV Prevention(26:30) The Role of Qualitative Research Methods in Public Health Research(30:34) Methodological Approaches to Ensuring Reliable Research Outcomes(32:13) Personal Reflection: Cultural Insights from Global Research(34:30) Personal Reflection: Future Directions in HIV Research(35:57) Outro KeywordsHIV Prevention, HIV Testing, Sub-Saharan Africa, Global Health, Public Health, Peer Referral, Voluntary Assisted Partner Notification, VAPN, Public Health Policy, Social Support, Interdisciplinary Research, Gender Disparities, Gender Politics, Stakeholder Engagement, Policy Implementation, Cultural Factors, Cultural Dynamics, Cultural Norms, Stigmatisation, Sexual Health Education, Ethical Issues, International Collaboration,  Qualitative Research, Interdisciplinary Scholarship, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Scholarly Conversations, Interdisciplinary Discussions, Interviews with Scholars, University Discourse, Us and Them, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Heidelberg University

Dr. Radmila Mladenova (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - Which stereotypical metanarratives have historically dominated films depicting the Roma community?- How does the contrast between light and darkness function within the visual language of films portraying the Roma community?- How can we critically approach films that depict the Roma community through stereotypical representations? In this episode, we are delighted to welcome Dr. Radmila Mladenova from the Heidelberg Research Centre on Antigypsyism at Heidelberg University, who joins us to discuss the portrayal of Roma community in film and the broader implications of cinematic storytelling. Our conversation explores how stereotypical metanarratives have historically shaped film representations of the Roma community and how cinematic techniques, such as the use of light and darkness, color coding, and narrative structures like the “hero’s journey” contribute to reinforcing social hierarchies and racialized portrayals. Drawing on her research on anti -gypsyism and film analysis, Dr. Mladenova explains how racism can operate through narrative frameworks and visual language, and how such representations have evolved across different historical periods of cinema. The episode also reflects on the importance of interdisciplinary research, critical media literacy, and policy initiatives aimed at fighting against anti-gypsyism and promoting more accurate and responsible portrayals of Roma communities in contemporary media. Join us as we examine how films construct narratives of “Us and Them” and discuss why critically engaging with cinematic representation is essential for fostering intercultural understanding and challenging persistent stereotypes! Critical Film & Image Hub: https://www.fsa.uni-heidelberg.de/en/filmhub Note: Information about Dr. Mladenova’s upcoming digital workshop in October 2026 will be published on this website. Film Criticism Blog: https://www.fsa.uni-heidelberg.de/en/filmhub/filmkritik Dr. Mladenova´s Open-Access Dissertation: https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/catalog/book/989 Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Dr. Mladenova and Her Academic Background(04:02) Motivation behind the Research(07:23) Fictional Depictions of the Roma Community in Films and the Concept of 'Gypsy Mask' (09:00) Objective Criteria of Racism: Essentialization, Naturalization, Hierarchization and Polarization(11:33) “Us vs. Them” as a Social Relationship in Films Depicting the Roma Community(13:28) White vs. Black: The Use of Light and Darkness to Depict Hierarchy and Morality in Films(17:42) Stereotypes in Film Representations of the Roma Community(20:06) Commercial Interests behind Racist Stereotypes in Films(22:44) Metanarratives and “Hero's Journey” in Films Depicting Roma Community(24:07) Color Coding and Visual Language in Films(25:42) Changes in Stereotypical Narratives accross Different Eras(30:36) Stereotypes about the Roma Community in Contemporary Cinema(33:00) Importance of Interdisciplinary Approaches(34:01) Policy Recommendations and Efforts to Combat Anti-Gypsyism in Films(35:58) Public Awareness of Stereotypes in Films(38:21) Personal Insights: Future Research Directions and Upcoming Events(40:51) Outro KeywordsRoma Community, Film Stereotypes, Anti-Gypsyism, Cinematic Language, Racism in Media, Racism, Film Analysis, Visual Storytelling, Representation, Intercultural Understanding, Film Narratives, Roma and Sinti, Critical Analysis, Color Coding, Hero´s Journey, Visual Language, Movie Analysis, Cinema Analysis, Metanarratives, Interdisciplinary Research, Hierarchical Relationships, Social Relationships, Us and Them, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Heidelberg University

Dr. Federico Zilia (University of Milan) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS)-       What role can the circular economy approach play in addressing current environmental challenges?-       How can we distinguish “green innovations” from conventional innovations in the context of increasing concerns about greenwashing?-       In what ways do weather shocks affect the economy of a region? In our twentieth episode, we are delighted to welcome Dr. Federico Zilia from the Department of Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Milan and a contributing professor in the 4EU+ Program, Collegio Futuro: Interdisciplinary College for Doctoral Students 2026, who guides us through the intersection of economics and environmental policy. Our conversation focuses on the circular economy, green innovation, and the economic impacts of weather shocks. Dr. Zilia elaborates on the role of geographical indications, highlights the importance of sustainability management using the example of sea urchin waste, and discusses the challenges that weather shocks pose to labor markets and export goods. Moreover, the episode underscores the value of interdisciplinary approaches in research and reflects on the responsibility of companies in adopting and advancing sustainable practices. Join us as we explore the dynamic field of environmental economics and examine how it plays a crucial role in addressing some of today’s most pressing environmental challenges! Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Dr. Federico Zilia(02:52) Exploring Environmental Economics(06:11) The Circular Economy: Concept and Applications(12:38) Sea Urchin Waste: A Case Study in the Circular Economy Approach(14:49) Key Lessons for Companies in Adopting Circular Economy Models(17:54) How to Identify Greenwashing?(20:55) Geographical Indications and Intellectual Capital(25:20) Green Innovation and Green Patents(30:27) The Need for a Change in the Understanding of Geographical Indications(33:20) Weather Shocks and Their Effects on Economic Dynamics(35:13) Effects of Climate Change on Labor Reallocation and Export Goods(40:28) Methodological Challenges of Interdisciplinary Research in Environmental Economics(45:21) Collegio Futuro 2026(48:56) Future Research Directions and Personal Insights(53:01) Outro KeywordsEnvironmental Economics, Circular Economy, Green Innovation, Green Patents, Climate Change, Environment Policy, Environmental Science, Geographical Indications, Sustainability, Labor Market, Labor Reallocation, Weather Shocks, Interdisciplinary Research, Quantitative Research, Economic Methodology, Research Methods, Wine Industry, Wine Export, Economic Outcomes, Sea Urchin Waste, Regulation, Greenwashing, Local Products, Us and Them, Heidelberg University, University of Milan, Scientific Podcast, Academic Podcast.

Selin Beyhan (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - What coping strategies do characters in post-apocalyptic novels use to deal with the challenges of post-apocalyptic settings?- What emotions do fictional characters display during periods of transition?- What can we learn from characters in post-apocalyptic narratives? In this episode, we are delighted to welcome Selin Beyhan from the Department of English Studies at Heidelberg University, to discuss her research on post-apocalyptic fiction, with a particular focus on individual emotions and coping strategies during times of transition. Selin reflects on her academic journey and highlights the timely relevance of her work in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has increased readers’ engagement with themes of emotional resilience and adaptation in literature. She further clarifies the distinction between apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction and explains how her research examines contemporary narratives that mirror modern anxieties. Drawing on a range of novels, including Station Eleven, The Dog Stars, The Book of M, TheBeginning at the End, The City Where We Once Lived, and Severance, she explores how characters navigate trauma, uncertainty, and transformation. By bringing psychological theories into her literary analysis, Selin seeks to illuminate the complexity of human emotions amid societal upheaval and ultimately aims to deepen our understanding of individual experiences in post-apocalyptic narratives. Join us as we explore the thin line between fiction and non-fiction in post -apocalyptic storytelling! Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Selin Beyhan and Her Research Topic(01:49) The Choice of Research Topic and the Impact of the Pandemic(05:10) Differences Between Apocalyptic Fiction, Post-Apocalyptic Fiction, and Post-Apocalyptic Dystopia(07:33) Contemporary Post-Apocalyptic Fiction(10:00) Contemporary vs. Non-Contemporary Post-Apocalyptic Fiction(15:30) The Concept of “Empathy”: Past Experiences and Similarity(19:09) Focusing on Individual Experiences(21:06) Coping Strategies in Post-Apocalyptic Narratives(24:15) Character Transformation After Trauma(27:24) The Gap Between Us and Them in Post-Apocalyptic Fiction(30:10) Interdisciplinary Approaches in Literary Research: The Application of Psychological Theories(33:30) Challenges of an Interdisciplinary Approach(36:09) Transferring Insights from Post-Apocalyptic Fiction to Real Life(41:12) Personal Reflection: Language Channel on Instagram (Selinguist)(43:22) Personal Reflection: Balancing Academic and Personal Life(46:22) Outro KeywordsPost-Apocalyptic Fiction, Post-Apocalyptic Narratives, Coping Strategies, Emotional Resilience, Contemporary Literature, Fiction, Psychological Analysis, Individual Experiences, COVID-19, Literary Studies, Literary Research, English Studies, Empathy, Character Development, Emotions, Coping Strategies, Interdisciplinary Work, Apocalypse, Coping with Change, Transition Times, Modern Anxieties, Station Eleven, The Beginning at the End, The Dog Stars, The City Where We Once Lived, Severance, The Book of M, Us and Them, Heidelberg University, Scientific Podcast, Academic Podcast, HGGS

Dr. Philipp Zehmisch (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) - How did the partition between Indiaand Pakistan shape the ambivalent enmity between these cultures?- What forms of cultural resilience have developed along the border between India and Pakistan?- How should we approach and make sense of the sensitive issue of “cross-border ethics,” and what key considerations should guide our understanding of it? In this episode, Dr. Philipp Zehmisch from the Department of Anthropology at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University, invites us into his research on ambivalent amnesty in bordering processes, with a particular focus on the complex dynamics between India and Pakistan. Drawing on extensive fieldwork in the Andaman Islands and in Pakistan, Dr. Zehmisch explores how questions of migration, identity, and the long shadow of partition shape everyday lives. He highlights the importance of cultural production and cross-border collaboration in fostering understanding and resilience among communities on both sides of the border. At the same time, he reflects on the challenges posed by social class and the need for a more nuanced approach to addressing persistent inequalities. Join us as explore how borders shape the relationship between “Us and Them” in the context of partition between India and Pakistan! For Dr. Zehmisch’s academic profile: https://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/en/departments-and-branches/anthropology/team/dr-philipp-zehmisch Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Dr. Philipp Zehmisch and His Academic Background(05:45) Past, Present and Future in the Context of Borders(10:38) The “Inwards” and “Across” Approaches in Examining the Partition(15:57) Cultural Production and Cross-Border Collaboration(19:26) The Role of Music and Religion in Borderlands(25:05) Social Class and Caste Dynamics in Borderlands(28:07) The Shift toward Cross-Border Ethics and Human Interaction(33:50) The Changing Dynamics of “Us and Them” in the Diaspora(37:23) Methodology: Ethno-Historiography in Anthropology(41:04) The Role of Oral Histories in State and Border Dynamics(43:02) Personal Reflections(48:28) Future Projects(50:42) Outro KeywordsAmbivalent Amnesty, Bordering Processes, Borders, India, Pakistan, Partition, Colonialism, South Asia, Anthropology, Migration, Cultural Production, Borderlands, Partition, Social Class, Ethno Historiography, Religion, Islam, Hinduism, Sufism, Music, Cultural Resilience, Nation States, Cross-Border Collaboration, Politics, Border Making, Identity, Human Interaction, Andaman Islands, Diaspora, Inequality, Subalternity, Caste Dynamics, Interdisciplinary Research, Methodology, Us and Them, Social Sciences, Humanities, Heidelberg University, Scientific Podcast, Academic Podcast

Dr. Martin Hofmann (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) In the first episode of the year 2026, Dr. Martin Hofmann from the Department of Intellectual History at the Heidelberg Centre for Transcultural Studies, Heidelberg University, introduces the fields of transcultural studies and intellectual history and explains how these disciplines help us understand cultural perceptions. Dr. Hofmann elaborates on how maps function as a medium for conveying knowledge and how they mirror the epistemic ideals of different cultures. He also touches on the special features of these maps, the “imaginary creatures,” and the role they play in how cultures imagine and interpret the “other.” The conversation further explores how mapmaking practices have evolved over time, why images are so important for cultural history, and what methodological challenges arise when we try to interpret historical images today. Join us as we wander through old maps and meet their imaginary creatures! Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Dr. Martin Hofmann(02:12) Introduction to Transcultural Studies(03:48) Understanding Intellectual History(05:09) Strange Creatures: Imaging and Imagining Other Peoples(07:13) The Role of Maps in Intellectual History(10:04) Ethnographic Description of a Culture in Maps(11:14) Cultural Differences between Maps Making Traditions(13:06) Imaginary Creatures in East Asian Cartography(15:35) Historical Perception of Imaginary Creatures(17:27) Patterns among Different Imaginary Creatures(19:07) The Evolution of Mapmaking Practices(21:05) The Disappearance of Imaginary Creatures(24:00) Interaction between Cultures in Map Making(25:07) How “Imaginary” are These Creatures?(27:15) Iconic Turn and The Importance of Images in Cultural History(29:58) Methodological Considerations in Image Interpretation(33:05) Diversity of Interpretations within Cultures(37:29) Conclusion and Future Plans(39:03) Outro KeywordsTranscultural Studies, Intellectual History, Cartography, Imaginary Creatures, East Asia, Maps, Cultural Perception, Research, Methodology, Visual Studies, Images, Icons, Iconic Turn, Cultural Interaction, Interdisciplinary Research, Epistemic Ideals, Image Studies, Cultural Narratives, Cultural Perceptions, Worldview, Historical Images, Heidelberg University, Us and Them, Humanities, Social Sciences, HGGS, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast

Isabell Eiwan (Faculty of Law, Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS)- What are the possible use cases for AI in criminal proceedings?- What are the limitations of AI indetermining human intentions in criminal proceedings?- What might the use of AI in criminal proceedings imply for human rights?In this episode, Isabell Eiwan from the Faculty of Law at Heidelberg University and a participant in the Marsilius-Kolleg Summer School 2025 “AI and Human Values,” discusses the intersection of AI and criminal responsibility. Together, we explore what the use of AI in legal proceedings could mean in practice and what it might imply for human rights. The conversation touches on how criminal responsibility is defined, the role of free will, and the limits of AI when it comes to interpreting human intentions. Our guest, Isabell Eiwan, also highlights the value of interdisciplinary collaboration in developing AI tools for the legal system, while thoughtfully weighing both the challenges and the potential benefits of integrating AI into criminal justice. Join us as we unpack where AI meets criminal proceedings and why this convergence carries important implications for the legal system and fundamental rights.Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Isabell Eiwan(03:10) Understanding the Concept of Criminal Responsibility(04:45) The Role of Free Will in Criminal Law(08:02) AI's Limitations in Understanding Human Intentions(10:13) Current Legal Standards for Determining Criminal Responsibility and the Integration of AI(12:17) Expert Opinions and the Role of the Judge(13:27) Challenges of AI in Legal Contexts(14:35) The Impact of “Empathy” in Criminal Proceedings(16:29) The Black Box Phenomenon(18:16) Potential Benefits of AI in Criminal Justice(21:02) Should AI’s Opinions Be Binding in the Criminal Proceedings?(22:10) Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Developing AI for Criminal Law(24:15) Evaluating AI's Effectiveness in Legal Decision-Making(26:24) AI Decision-Making Process(28:37) Comparing French, British, and German Legal Studies(32:17) Personal Insights: Metal Music(36:00) OutroKeywordsAI, artificial intelligence, criminal responsibility, legal responsibility, criminal law, diminished responsibility, criminal proceedings, human rights, free will, legal standards, intentions, empathy, black box phenomenon, interdisciplinary collaboration, legal technology, limitations of AI, legal decision making, AI decision making, interdisciplinary research, bias, judges, legal studies, academic podcast, scientific podcast, us and them, Heidelberg University

Prof. Dr. Connie Hoe and Ezgi Baltacı (German Cancer Research Center) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS)-  What should be understood by the concept of “citizen science,” and what distinguishes citizen science from other scientific approaches? -  Why is it important to include the public in the scientific research process?-  What insights does the mapping of tobacco and alcohol retail provide within the framework of public health research?In this episode, Professor Dr. Connie Hoe and researcher Ezgi Baltacı from the Division of Policy and Implementation Research for Cancer Prevention at the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum) talk about the concept of citizen science and its application in public health research, focusing on their project “Mapping Tobacco and Alcohol Retail in Mannheim, Germany.” They reflect on the importance of interdisciplinary research, the benefits of involving the public in scientific work in the field of public health, the ethical considerations that come with the citizen science approach, and policy recommendations for tobacco and alcohol control. The conversation highlights the challenges of citizen science projects, the methodology used in their research, and the initial results of their mapping project, emphasizing the community’s role in shaping health behaviors. Join us as we explore citizen science and its use cases in public health research with our expert guests!Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Prof. Connie Hoe and Ezgi Baltacı(03:43) Activities of the Division of Policy and Implementation Research for Cancer Prevention at the German Cancer Research Center(07:24) Interdisciplinary Research and Its Importance in the field of Public Health(08:27) Understanding Citizen Science(10:40) The Social Aspect of Citizen Science(12:32) How Citizen Science Differs from Other Scientific Research Methods?(14:13) Public Engagement and Ethics in Citizen Science(17:30) Challenges in Citizen Science Projects(18:25) Data Quality and Reliability(20:23) The Research Project “Mapping Tobacco and Alcohol Retail in Mannheim”(24:25) Methodology, Recruitment Strategies and Community Impact(28:41) Challenges during the Project “Mapping Tobacco and Alcohol Retail in Mannheim”(32:07) “Citizen Mapping Day” Experience(35:31) Initial Results of the Project(37:34) Migrant Health Research(40:08) Policy Recommendations for Regulation of Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption(43:29) Future Academic Plans(45:27) Personal reflection: What will be missed most when leaving Heidelberg?(49:30) OutroKeywordsCitizen Science, Public Health, Tobacco Retail, Alcohol Retail, Interdisciplinary Research, Community Engagement, Policy Implementation, Health Behavior, Research Ethics, Heidelberg, Mannheim, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Mapping Project, Cancer Prevention, Health Research, Policy and Implementation Research, Heidelberg University, Ethics, Ethical Considerations, Tobacco Control, Alcohol Control, Local Health Policy, Recruitment Strategies, Public Engagement, Data Quality, Data Reliability, Community Participation, Academic Podcast, Scientific Podcast, Us and Them

Alexandre Bretel (Grenoble Alpes University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS)- What makes AI ethics distinct from other areas of ethics?- What is required for the “responsible” use of AI?- How can the philosophies of Hans Jonas, GüntherAnders, and Hannah Arendt provide guidance in addressing the challenges of AI?In this episode, Alexandre Bretel from the Grenoble Alpes University and participant in the Marsilius-Kolleg Summer School 2025 “AI and Human Values” joins us to explore the intersection of AI ethics and responsibility through the perspectives of Hans Jonas, Günther Anders, and Hannah Arendt. Together, we reflect on the philosophical foundations of AI ethics, the meaning of responsibility, and the so-called “responsibility gap” in AI systems. The conversation also turns to broader questions—how AI challenges human autonomy, the difference between innovation and progress, and the fine line between utopian promise and dystopian risk. We further discuss the ethical dimensions of surveillance, the importance of individual responsibility, and what policy approaches might guide the development of truly responsible AI.Timeline(00:00) Intro(00:24) Introducing Alexandre Bretel and His Research Focus(03:11) Fundamentals of AI Ethics(06:48) The Perspectives of Hans Jonas, Günther Anders, and Hannah Arendt on Responsibility(09:18) Understanding the Concept of Responsibility in AI(10:43) The Responsibility Gap in AI Systems(13:09) Implications of AI on Human Autonomy(15:52) Innovation vs. Progress in Technology(19:36) Utopia, Anti-Utopia and Dystopia in the framework of AI Ethics(21:32) Surveillance and AI: Ethical Implications(24:35) Individual Responsibility in the Age of AI(27:02) Policy Recommendations for Responsible AI(29:13) The Blurring Lines between Private and Public Spheres(31:22) Personal Reflection: Importance of Philosophical Wanderings(33:36) OutroKeywordsAI ethics, responsibility, Hans Jonas, Günther Anders, Hannah Arendt, technology, human autonomy, innovation, progress, surveillance, utopia, dystopia, anti-utopia, technology ethics, wandering, AI systems, environment, AI regulation, AI policy

PD Dr. Johannes Gerwien (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS)What are the functions of “inner speech” within the framework of cognitive science?What role does the linguistic relativism theory play in inner speech and the thinking process?Is language-free cognition even possible?In this episode, PD Dr. Johannes Gerwien discusses the intricate relationship between language, thought, and cognition. He explores various aspects of language production, including inner speech, self-monitoring, executive control, and the nature of language encoding. The conversation delves into linguistic relativity theory, the impact of language acquisition on cognitive processes, and the challenges of studying inner speech. PD Dr. Gerwien also highlights the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in cognitive science and the potential for overcoming language barriers through shared experiences and understanding the nature of these barriers.Timeline00:00 Intro00:24 Introducing PD Dr. Johannes Gerwien04:45 Understanding Language Production09:02 Self-Monitoring and Executive Control in Language Production12:24 Incremental Language Encoding18:23 Linguistic Relativity Theory23:41 Thinking for Speaking Yourself Hypothesis25:58 Language Acquisition in Language and Thought31:28 Difference between Verbal and Nonverbal Tasks36:11 Methodological Challenges in Inner Speech Research37:12 Is Language-Free Cognition Possible?41:33 Generalizability Problem in Linguistic Research46:18 When We Talk to Ourselves, Who Are We Really Addressing? 50:51 Overcoming Language Barriers56:11 CAS Cognitive Science Program at Heidelberg University01:01:24 OutroKeywordslinguistics, language production, inner speech, linguistic relativity, cognitive science, cognition, language and thought, language acquisition, language production, language encoding, psycholinguistics, thinking for speaking, self-monitoring executive control, attention, language barriers

Maximilian Kathan (Heidelberg University of Jewish Studies) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) What is the impact of nationalism and antisemitism in the late Habsburg Monarchy?How did Karl Emil Franzos and Nathan Birnbaum contribute to the (re)construction of Jewish identity?What roles do language and literature play in defining national identity? In this episode, Maximilian Kathan from Heidelberg University of Jewish Studies discusses his research on Jewish identity constructions within the Habsburg Monarchy, focusing on the interplay of history, literature, and Jewish studies. He explores the impact of nationalism and antisemitism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Habsburg Monarchy, in light of the diverse perspectives of Jewish writers Karl Emil Franzos and Nathan Birnbaum. The conversation delves into the complexities of identity, language, and cultural tensions in a rapidly changing empire, as well as the methodological challenges faced in historical literary studies. Timeline00:00 Intro00:24 Introducing Maximilian Kathan and His Research Topics03:12 Interdisciplinary Approaches in Historical Research05:04 Exploring the late Habsburg Monarchy: A Time of Change06:42 Comparative Analysis of Jewish Writers: Franzos and Birnbaum14:43 Nationalism and Its Impact on the Habsburg Empire20:17 Relationship between Language and National Identity in the Habsburg Empire21:11 Antisemitism and Its Effects on Jewish Writers23:58 Cultural Tensions: The Dichotomy of East and West26:07 Methodological Challenges in Historical Research29:44 Recommended Works of Franzos and Birnbaum31:52 Personal Reflections and Future Plans34:20 Outro  KeywordsJewish identity, Habsburg monarchy, nationalism, antisemitism, literary analysis, interdisciplinary research, historical context, cultural tensions, language, Jewish studies

Nadja Samira Fraenkel (Heidelberg University) in conversation with Sinan Barış Yaşar (HGGS) How does the travel motif shape narratives in third-generation Jewish literature? What are the differences between physical and metaphorical journeys? Can language serve as a space for belonging and identity?In this conversation, Nadja Samira Fraenkel from Heidelberg University discusses her PhD research on comparative perspectives of literary travel motifs in contemporary Jewish literature from Germany, Israel, and the USA. She explores the complexities of identity, the role of travel in shaping experiences, and the search for belonging and utopia within these narratives. The discussion also highlights the significance of language, the challenges faced by third-generation Jewish authors, and the political dimensions of art and literature.Timeline00:00 Intro00:28 Introducing Nadja Samira Fraenkel and Her Research05:29 Exploring the Concept of Travel in Literature08:51 Travel Motif and Identity Politics in Jewish Literature13:56 The Search for Utopia in Travel Narratives18:10 The Third Generation of Jewish Authors27:19 Methodology in Comparative Literary Studies31:17 Language as a Space for Belonging37:45 The Role of Social Challanges and Counter Narratives in Jewish Literature51:53 Art, Identity, and the Political Nature of Creativity59:11 OutroKeywordsJewish literature, travel motives, identity politics, comparative literature, contemporary authors, diaspora, utopia, third generation, literary analysis, cultural studies

Conversation with Vanessa Márquez Vargas, Debby Avendaño Sánchez, and Adrián Navia Segovia (University of Los Andes, Venezuela)Language of the Episode: SpanishIn this episode, Vanessa Márquez Vargas, Debby Avendaño Sánchez, and Adrián Navia Segovia, all from the University of Los Andes, Venezuela, present a hybrid theme combining text and image, with the goal of showing, from their perspective and experiences, how objects, walls, absences, and design shape social and spatial realities. For this, the cultural, urban, and architectural dimensions of belonging have been taken into consideration in order to foster a dialogue about the ‘Us’ & ‘Them’ dichotomy through three brief sections: 1) The Shoe as a Semiotic Object;2) The Absence of Feet: The Uninhabited Space;3) "Walking in Someone Else's Shoes": The Architect and the Community.Description of the Theme by the Presenters“For us, what we have been saying and observing here just scratches the surface of the complex dynamics of belonging and alterity in everyday life, dynamics we believe deserve greater attention. Within these often-overlooked details, assumed as normalized, there is fertile ground for reflection and social action. The shoe, as a semiotic object, encodes status and identity, and in doing so, exposes social fractures. The absence of feet in urban spaces signals alienation, compelling us to reclaim the city as a shared place. In architecture, empathy transforms design into a collaborative act, creating spaces that resonate with community aspirations. These narratives challenge us to inhabit with intention, to bridge distances, tear down walls, and to walk, both literally and metaphorically, in the shoes of the other, forging a more inclusive, participatory, and meaningful world. Yet the question persists: Can we truly feel what the other feels, or will there always be an insurmountable distance? Each of us must arrive at our own answer, one that may spark dialogue, internal monologue, or, better yet, conscious action toward those we label as 'other' and normalize as 'them' in the continuous present.” LÍNEA DEL TIEMPO00:00   Intro00:23   Presentación de Vanessa Márquez Vargas, Debby Avendaño Sánchez y Adrián Navia Segovia por Sinan Barış Yaşar03:18   Presentación del tema en español por Vanessa Márquez Vargas “¿Dónde están los pies?” Narrativas de pertenencia y alteridad04:47   Parte 1: “El Zapato como objeto semiótico” por Vanessa Márquez Vargas09:39   Parte 2: “La ausencia de los pies: los espacios deshabitados” por Adrián Navia Segovia21:43   Parte 3: “Caminando con los zapatos del otro: el Arquitecto y la Comunidad” por Debby Avendaño Sánchez32:11   Reflexión integradora: dimensiones articuladas en un continuum semiótico34:33   Cierre del tema, agradecimiento y despedidaTIMELINE00:00   Intro00:23   Presentation of Vanessa Márquez Vargas, Debby Avendaño Sánchez, and Adrián Navia Segovia by Sinan Barış Yaşar 03:18   Topic introduction in Spanish by Vanessa Márquez Vargas: “Where Are the Feet?” Narratives of Belonging and Alterity04:47   Part 1: “The Shoe as a Semiotic Object” by Vanessa Márquez Vargas 09:39   Part 2: “The Absence of Feet: The Uninhabited Space” by Adrián Navia Segovia 21:43   Part 3: “Walking in Someone Else’s Shoes: The Architect and the Community” by Debby Avendaño Sánchez 32:11   Integrative Reflection: Dimensions Articulated in a Semiotic Continuum 34:33   Closing of the Topic, Thanks, and Farewell