PODCAST · technology
Reviewer 2 does geoengineering
by Andrew Lockley
Reviewer 2 quibbles with actual experts in Solar Radiation Modification and Carbon Dioxide Removal, before rejecting their work on spurious, spiteful and capricious grounds. You'd expect nothing less from R2.
Episodes
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Internationalisation of CDR Markets - Lashof
In this episode of Reviewer 2 Does Geoengineering, @geoengineering1 speaks with Daniel Lashof of the World Resources Institute (WRI) about the internationalisation of carbon dioxide removal markets and the policies needed to scale carbon removal globally. Lashof discusses how US policy support,...
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How Much CO₂ Can Enhanced Weathering Really Remove? - Derry
Cornell University geochemist Louis Derry joins @geoengineering1 to discuss a fundamental question for enhanced rock weathering: how much of the alkalinity generated in soils actually makes it through watersheds to the ocean? Derry argues that many studies and commercial MRV approaches focus on…
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Extratropical Cyclones and Storm Track Responses to SAI - Wieners & de Nooij
@geoengineering1 interviews Claudia Elisabeth Wieners and Meike de Nooij about extratropical cyclones, the winter storm systems that drive much of the weather variability and many extreme wind and precipitation events in the midlatitudes, and how stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) could alter...
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Suicide Impacts of SRM - Tanaka
Could reducing sunlight to cool the planet also affect mental health? @geoengineering1 interviews Shinsuke Tanaka about new research examining the link between sunlight and suicide and what it could mean for solar radiation management (SRM). Using nearly three decades of U.S. county-month data,...
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Influence of Surface Roughness on ERW - Kukla
How much carbon can enhanced rock weathering actually remove? In this episode, @geoengineering1 talks with Tyler Kukla of CarbonPlan about how assumptions about rock surface roughness can dramatically change enhanced weathering estimates. They discuss why surface area is critical to weathering...
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Aerosol Warming Over Bright Surfaces - Kapoor
@geoengineering1 interviews Taveen Kapoor about his study [preprint] showing that purely scattering stratospheric aerosols can produce positive shortwave radiative forcing, and localized warming, over high-albedo surfaces such as snow, ice, and deserts. They discuss how diffuse light reflected…
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Viridas Pressurised DAC, El-Sayed
In this episode, @geoengineering1 speaks with Ahmed El-Sayed of Viridas Technologies, a company aiming to revolutionize Direct Air Capture (DAC) by redesigning the process from the ground up, including the fan system itself. The conversation explores why DAC remains expensive, largely due to the...
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Avantium: Engineering Sorbents for DAC - Wessels
@geoengineering1 interviews Rudolf Wessels, Director of Technology and Innovation at Avantium R&D Solutions in the Netherlands (founded in 2000 as a Shell spin-out). The discussion examines Avantium’s contribution to advancing Direct Air Capture (DAC) through high-throughput experimentation...
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Sustaera - electric DAC
@geoengineering1 interviews Cory Sanderson, CTO and co-founder of Sustaera, a North Carolina-based Direct Air Capture (DAC) startup focused on low-cost carbon capture, separations chemistry, and process scale-up. Sanderson traces his journey from Air Products, where he worked on vacuum swing...
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Climefi - supporting CDR buyers
@geoengineering1 interviews Paolo Piffaretti, co-founder of ClimeFi (https://www.climefi.com/), on how durable carbon dioxide removal (CDR) credits are verified and delivered for corporate buyers. ClimeFi acts as a buyer-side agent, helping organizations define contribution vs. compensation…
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Comparing SRM and Opioids - Clark
In this episode, @geoengineering1 is joined by Britta Clark, a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard University, to unpack why solar geoengineering is increasingly compared to opioids. They discuss how this framing casts SRM as temporary “relief” from climate warming and why it raises concerns about...
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Malaria Trends and SRM - Hussain
In this episode, @geoengineering1 interviews Athar Hussain, physicist and professor of atmospheric science at COMSATS University, Pakistan, about his recent study examining how SAI could influence malaria transmission across South Asia. Using the VECTRI malaria model, the research compares an...
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Adaptation vs Geoengineering - Gambill
@geoengineering1 interviews Paul Gambill to discuss the intricate dynamics between adaptation and geoengineering. Drawing on his experience as the former founder of Nori, the first carbon removal marketplace, Paul reflects on why scaling durable carbon removal has proven so difficult and what…
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Festive snowy forests - D'Souza
What could be more festive than carbon storage in snowy evergreen forests? @geoengineering1 interviews Kevin Bradley D'Souza, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Waterloo, about the real climate potential of reforesting Boreal forests. Kevin explains the crucial role these forests play...
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Distributing solid aerosols - Hack
Miranda Hack provides an in-depth look at the often-overlooked engineering and logistical barriers to large-scale deployment of solid particles for stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI). She explains how dispersing sub-micron mineral particles at altitude, including challenges like agglomeration,...
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SRM hoses - Hyde
Roderick Hyde discusses his recent paper on using high-altitude hoses for solar geoengineering. While most proposals focus on aircraft delivery, Hyde revisits an older but largely dismissed concept. He describes suspending a 20 km hose by balloons to continuously pump sulfur-bearing fluids into…
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More Moore - polar SRM research
John Moore joins the podcast to discuss his recent Viewpoint article responding to Siegert et al.’s paper on polar geoengineering. While Siegert and colleagues argue that proposed interventions are infeasible, environmentally dangerous, and a distraction from decarbonization, Moore contrasts the...
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SRM's socioeconomic cost - Bronsther & Xu
Jacob Bronsther & Yangyang Xu discuss their recent paper on the socioeconomic costs of Solar Radiation Modification. While SRM’s direct technical costs appear modest (~$18B/°C cooling), the authors argue that its broader costs are far greater. They estimate that Stratospheric Aerosol Injection...
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SAI can weaken CO2 greenhouse effect - Soden
Brian Soden discusses his recent study on injecting absorptive aerosols, such as black carbon, into the upper stratosphere to weaken the CO₂ greenhouse effect. The conversation addresses the radiative physics underpinning this concept, its potential cooling efficiency relative to conventional...
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SRM moratoria - Bodansky
Daniel Bodansky discusses his recent article on the drawbacks of a global moratorium on solar radiation management deployment. The conversation critiques whether a moratorium is feasible or effective, arguing it could hinder critical research, be difficult to enforce, and unintentionally become a...
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Mixed phase cloud thinning - Villanueva
Diego Villanueva discusses his paper on mixed-phase regime cloud thinning (MCT). This geoengineering approach involves using ice-nucleating particles to reduce the heat-trapping effects of polar clouds. Using climate and cloud-resolving models, the study finds MCT could offset up to 25% of polar...
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CIRCEO: On-Ship CDR - Bardinet
@geoengineering1 interviews Fabien Bardinet, co-founder of CIRCEO [linkedin.com/company/circeocc], a new company focused on marine-based carbon capture. CIRCEO is developing semi-autonomous sailing drones that generate electricity from wind to power onboard electrochemical systems that remove...
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Risk-risk trade-offs - Felgenhauer
Tyler Felgenhauer and @geoengineering1 discuss risk-risk trade-offs. Paper: Tyler Felgenhauer, Govindasamy Bala, Mark E Borsuk, Inés Camilloni, Jonathan B Wiener, Jianhua Xu, Practical paths to risk-risk analysis of solar radiation modification, Oxford Open Climate Change, Volume 5, Issue 1…
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SRM, US & China - Nielsen
Jeffrey Nielsen and @geoengineering1 discuss how the strategic relationship between the US and China will interact with SRM. Paper: Jeffrey Nielsen, The big green button: stratospheric aerosol injection as a geopolitical dilemma during strategic competition between the United States and China…
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Solar thermal DAC - Prats Salvado
Enrico Prats Salvado discusses the benefits and challenges of using the sun's heat for DAC desorb. Paper Prats-Salvado, E., Monnerie, N. & Sattler, C. Powering Direct Air Capture: Overview of Existing Concepts and the Overlooked Role of Concentrated Solar Thermal Technologies. Curr Sustainable...
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Water alternating gas injection - Nelson (&dog)
Claire Nelson, founder of Cella mineral storage, explains how underground injections of water alternating with CO2 might aid mineralsation. Paper: Water-alternating-gas injections for optimized mineral carbon storage in basalt…
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Biotech in CDR - Reginato
Paul Reginato explains how biotech can be applied to CDR. Paper: Biotechnology in direct air capture, enhanced weathering, and methane removal: emerging opportunities and gaps. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2024.1440833
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Get in the sea! Sinkco x Riverse — Boehman & Dorr
Can we just throw carbon in the sea - like a mobile phone with incriminating evidence on? Brenna Boehman and Erica Dorr from Sinkco and Riverse come on to discuss their Marine Carbon Burial Methodology with @geoengineering1
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Octavia carbon, Kenyan DAC - Freimüller
Martin Freimüller introduces Octavia Carbon, explaining how they're making DAC work in Kenya's Great Rift Valley. Hosted by @geoengineering1
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Calychar hydrochar - Suleman
Smoggies Humbul (Suleman), Omar, and Faizan discuss their research detailed in this press release https://www.tees.ac.uk/sections/news/pressreleases_story.cfm?story_id=8651 It's a fancy form of hydrochar, pimped by chemical manipulation.
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COVID policy vs SRM policy - Patrick
Can COVID policy be compared to geoengineering policy? Hosea Olayiwola Patrick discusses "Reflections on COVID-19 Adaptive Responses as a Template for Climate Intervention-Geoengineering Engagement" with @geoengineering1 https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202501.1715/v1
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Sky whitening - Lemon
Would a whiter sky be noticeable, under SAI geoengineering? Ansar Lemon discusses what humans and animals could see. Paper: Under a not so white sky: visual impacts of stratospheric aerosol injection - Ansar Lemon et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 024060 DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/ada2ae A link to his...
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OAE legality - Murthy
Are you allowed to throw alkaline minerals into the sea? Ashwin Murthy explains how to do Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, without ending up in jail. Ashwin Murthy, Korey Silverman-Roati & Romany M. Webb, State Authority to Regulate Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law,...
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SRM experts' opinions - McEvoy
David McEvoy discusses expert opinions on SRM. What do they think, and how do we know? The strategic and governance implications of solar radiation modification: perspectives from delegates of international climate negotiations Todd L Cherry et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 014053 DOI...
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Historic emissions & CDR - Hahn
Thomas Hahn discusses his paper on historical emissions and responsibility for them. Hahn, T., Morfeldt, J., Höglund, R. et al. Estimating countries’ additional carbon accountability for closing the mitigation gap based on past and future emissions. Nat Commun 15, 9707 (2024)....
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Andean glaciers & SRM - Fernandez
Is it too late for SRM to save South American glaciers? Alfonso Fernandez discusses his paper on the impact of SRM on the glaciers of the Andes. Fernández, A., Manquehual-Cheuque, F. & Somos-Valenzuela, M. Impact of Solar Radiation Management on Andean glacier-wide surface mass balance. npj Clim...
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AGU SRM research ethics - Felgenhauer
AGU Ethical Framework Principles for SRM research Tyler Felgenhauer, Duke University https://news.agu.org/press-release/ethical-framework-climate-intervention-research/
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Gentoo.earth - Kirby
Juliet Kirby explains how gentoo.earth uses AI to match carbon removal buyers and sellers. Despite @geoengineering1 trying his best to wind her up for lulz, she doesn't break character. NB this isn't paid promotion; gentoo hasn't sponsored this episode. No penguins (gentoo or otherwise) were…
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Direct climate cooling overview - Baiman
Ron Baiman discusses his expansive paper summarising all known SRM and other direct climate cooling techniques https://academic.oup.com/oocc/article/4/1/kgae014/7731760 Plus his letter to the International Maritime Organization https://academic.oup.com/oocc/article/4/1/kgae008/7706251
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SRM ethics - Hofbauer
Benjamin Hofbauer discusses 3 papers from his PhD, on the ethics of Solar geoengineering. Hofbauer, B. (2023). Systemic risks and solar climate engineering research. Integrating technology ethics into the governance of systemic risks. Journal of Risk Research, 26(12), 1383–1395....
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Grain size in OAE - Moras
Charly Moras explains how grain size affects reaction kinetics in ocean alkalinity enhancement. Paper:- Effects of grain size and seawater salinity on magnesium hydroxide dissolution and secondary calcium carbonate precipitation kinetics: implications for ocean alkalinity enhancement...
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Is OIF undead? - Buesseler
In this spooky Halloween episode, @geoengineering1 and Ken Buesseler investigate alleged sightings of Ocean Iron Fertilisation - which is rumoured to have risen from its unquiet grave. Paper: Next steps for assessing ocean iron fertilization for marine carbon dioxide removal....
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Is cirrus thinning dead? Jeggle
Kai Jeggle explains to @geoengineering1 how off-target effects of cirrus cloud thinning mean that it can never be used effectively. Paper; Jeggle, K., Neubauer, D., Binder, H., and Lohmann, U.: Cirrus formation regimes – Data driven identification and quantification of mineral dust effect,...
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Wood Vaulting - Zeng
Got wood? Looking for somewhere to stick it? Ning Zeng can solve your problem! @geoengineering1 learns all about how to do it properly. Zeng, N., Hausmann, H. Wood Vault: remove atmospheric CO2 with trees, store wood for carbon sequestration for now and as biomass, bioenergy and carbon reserve…
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Coastal enhanced weathering - Geerts
Do not adjust your set; the fidelity of this recording is particularly poor. Luna Geerts and @geoengineering1 discuss coastal enhanced weathering of olivine. The paper is/was open to review, here. https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1824/
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Near term Arctic SRM - Wake Smith
What would a mid-century polar geoengineering program look like? What airports and aircraft would be needed - and at what cost? Wake Smith answers all these questions.
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Extra-tropical cyclones - Reboita
How does SAI affect extra-tropical cyclones? Michelle Simões Reboita explains during a tight interview slot, but @geoengineering1 fails to understand (it takes him at least an hour to understand ANYTHING). With fluency approaching that of the Trump Biden debate, he stumbles through the episode,...
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Controlling MCB - Walker Lee Part 1
What control can we exercise over MCB? Should it be confined to small, climatically sensitive areas - or expanded at great cost, to minimise inter-regional disparities? Walker Lee discusses the issue in depth. (See PT 2 for a discussion on disability and diversity). Jack's first paper:...
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Disability & ideological diversity in academia - Walker Lee, Part 2
We've extracted this very interesting discussion from Walker Lee's new episode, because a) it's a standalone section and b) the main episode was already quite long. Here, Walker Lee describes in vibrant and very personal terms his own academic journey, touching on important issues of ideological...
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Warm pool & SAI - Günther (FIXED)
Moritz Günther tries valiantly to get @geoengineering1 to understand the atmospheric dynamics of SAI's impacts on the warm pool, but it's rather like watching him trying to train a baboon to use Photoshop - there's some engagement, and the occasional flash of comprehension before it all gets too...
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ABOUT THIS SHOW
Reviewer 2 quibbles with actual experts in Solar Radiation Modification and Carbon Dioxide Removal, before rejecting their work on spurious, spiteful and capricious grounds. You'd expect nothing less from R2.
HOSTED BY
Andrew Lockley
CATEGORIES
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Reviewer 2 does geoengineering currently has 234 episodes available on PodParley. New episodes are automatically indexed when they're published to the podcast feed.
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Reviewer 2 quibbles with actual experts in Solar Radiation Modification and Carbon Dioxide Removal, before rejecting their work on spurious, spiteful and capricious grounds. You'd expect nothing less from R2.
How often does Reviewer 2 does geoengineering release new episodes?
Reviewer 2 does geoengineering publishes regularly with 234 episodes available. Check the episode list for the typical release schedule.
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Reviewer 2 does geoengineering is created and hosted by Andrew Lockley.
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