Case By Concept

In this season finale, Tiggy and James discuss the concept of Moral Panic and the main case that Stanley Cohen based his theory on- the Mods and Rockers conflict. James is determined to not have to edit too much of this episode- can you tell? https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327802448_The_concept_of_moral_panic_and_its_use_in_social_psychologyhttps://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://ccjls.scholasticahq.com/article/90810-dual-panic-theory-new-insight-into-moral-panics/attachment/188680.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiCpIvZx4ePAxVtWEEAHftfD1EQFnoECCIQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3R_zMGMiw08teIGrli24UChttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7201200/https://www.clactonhistory.co.uk/mods-rockers-1964/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mods_and_rockershttps://www.bbc.co.uk/culture/article/20140515-when-two-tribes-went-to-warhttps://www.flickr.com/photos/paulwrightuk/7168754881https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/18281245.nostalgia-battles-mods-rockers-clacton-exaggerated/

This week, Tiggy and James will be talking about a case that James has specifically requested, and Tiggy had to find a concept that could be related to it! They discuss sensationalism and the Black Dahlia. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sensationalismhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513803000126https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382194835_Analysis_of_the_Strong_Transmissibility_of_Sensationalism_and_Its_Impact_in_Modern_Mediahttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17482798.2025.2455566#abstracthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Dahliahttps://clickamericana.com/topics/crime/the-black-dahlia-murder-1947

In today's episode of Case By Concept, join Tiggy and James as they traverse the world of the bystander, and the famous case that sparked the concept of the Bystander Effect. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/bystander-effecthttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6099971/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167268120304145https://scholar.utc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1367&context=mpshttps://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2012/09/tall-taleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Kitty_Genovesehttps://www.psychologicalscience.org/publications/observer/obsonline/a-new-look-at-the-killing-of-kitty-genovese-the-science-of-false-confessions.htmlhttps://www.nydailynews.com/2014/03/02/the-truth-about-kitty-genovese/

This week, we look at instrumental crime and the case of Stephen Seddon. James was in charge of editing today, so enjoy! https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235203000291https://www.crimrxiv.com/pub/ezuqij2u/release/1https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0886260517733280https://www.sherrytowers.com/crime_and_holidays.pdfhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3959160/https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1993-97742-000https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-19760862https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-21897179https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-21966005https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/mar/28/stephen-seddon-jailed-40-yearshttps://www.itv.com/news/granada/2013-03-27/seddon-guilty-of-parents-murderhttps://www.thetimes.com/best-law-firms/profile-legal/article/ultimate-ungrateful-son-stephen-seddon-murdered-his-parents-9jdrcqsh6zs

Happy April Fools Day! Today James and Tiggy gift you fools with a HOT TOPIC episode. Enjoy the musical talents of James whilst Tiggy tries to discuss a couple of cases that are shrouded in mystery. We look at a couple of links today so here they are in order:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjsgJRAxIK0&list=WL&index=2https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIK3hdS2jmQ&list=WL&index=1Below are the links I used to gather evidence for this episode. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/mysteryhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01360/fullhttps://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/common-sense-science/202503/why-we-love-a-good-mystery#:~:text=Mystery and the Psychology of the Unknown&text=While uncertainty can trigger anxiety,uncertainty without real-world consequences.https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/allure-mysterieshttps://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000002455https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Lars_Mittankhttps://people.com/all-about-lars-mittank-mysterious-disappearance-11768067https://www.itv.com/news/calendar/2025-09-08/appeal-for-teenager-andrew-gosden-who-went-missing-from-doncaster-18-years-agohttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-41041855https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Andrew_Gosden#Description

This week, we dive into the concept of social alienation and the case of the Unabomber, also known as Ted Kaczynski. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/social-alienation#:~:text=Socialhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5889144/https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7229645/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235223000363https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kaczynskihttps://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/unabomberhttps://www.biography.com/crime/ted-kaczynskihttps://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/10/us/ted-kaczynski-dead.html

This week, we discuss Big Macs, bed wetting and fires. We also look at the case of Richard Chase and this time we go into detail about the horrific crimes he committed, so please do listen at your own discretion. https://www.healthline.com/health/macdonald-triadhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1524838018764164https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Chasehttps://www.imdb.com/name/nm7749328/bio/https://www.arcurrent.com/scene/2012/04/19/local-serial-killer-leaves-his-mark-at-arc-2/https://torontosun.com/news/world/crime-hunter-vampire-of-sacramentos-sickening-bloodlust

This week, we cover the difference between dissociation and disassociation, look at the diagnostic and statistical manual 5 (DSM V) and the case of Juanita Maxwell and Wanda Weston. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/dissociation#:~:text=Dissociating is the experience of,are no longer naturally integrated.https://www.onnovdhart.nl/articles/dissociationtheory.pdfhttps://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2024-94901-001.htmlhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886909004814https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568768/#:~:text=Epidemiology,Go to:https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1995/09/26/juanita-maxwell-s-many-faces/https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9396032/#:~:text=Getting back to the courtrooms,her shoes and a scratch.https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/09/us/woman-with-2-identities-absolved-of-murder.htmlhttps://rctne.wordpress.com/2020/02/17/paranormal-explained-medically-i/https://did-research.org/did/basics/dsm-5/

Tiggy and James discuss how crisis negotiation is researched and how it can go badly in the real world. James battles hunger as we await Chinese food as we discuss the surprise appearance of Paul Gascoigne in a tense negotiation. https://mediate.com/a-history-of-hostage-negotiation-presentation-to-the-chartered-institute-of-arbitrators-london-branch/https://troopers.ny.gov/attica-prison-riots#:~:text=1971: On September 9, 1971,taking 42 staff members hostage.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0261927X231185734https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Northumbria_Police_manhunthttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10583120https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/raoul-moathttps://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/jul/05/raoul-moat-police-steroids-crimehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-10674593https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1808757/http://www.bluelampfoundation.org/our-founder/

Today Tiggy and James discuss the availability heuristic and a city known to one of their nearest and dearest! Along the way, we mock a listener once again and discover that words sound like sneezes! https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/availability-heuristichttps://www.simplypsychology.org/availability-heuristic.htmlhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9292208/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/dec/21/crossbow-cannibal-victims-drug-habithttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bradford-west-yorkshire-10922980https://allthatsinteresting.com/stephen-griffithshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Rowntreehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-28372706https://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/18277848.bradford-woman-convicted-killing-partner-features-new-channel-4-prison-documentary/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2697322/Nagging-girlfriend-stabbed-boxer-lover-death-string-temper-tantrums-told-going-holiday-Spain-without-him.html

Welcome to Season 3, episode 3, where Tiggy and James discuss survivor bias, World War Two planes and a series of escalating crimes that result in not one, but two horrific murders. https://www.deanyeong.com/article/survivorship-biashttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8207539/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10227322https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/rachel-nickell-case/investigationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Napperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Rachel_Nickellhttps://criminalminds.fandom.com/wiki/Robert_Napper#Known_Victimshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Napperhttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10216328

This week, Tiggy and James look into the concept of social learning theory in its very simplest terms. They next look into the background of Fred and Rose West. Note: whilst their victims are mentioned, we discuss more about their background rather than going into detail about their horrific crimes. https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.htmlhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235219304222https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/social-learning-theoryhttps://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-01-05/harold-shipman-britains-most-prolific-serial-killer/104771572https://www.biography.com/crime/fred-westhttps://restless.co.uk/leisure-and-lifestyle/art-and-culture/are-serial-killers-born-or-made/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tv/article-14710281/Fred-Rose-West-Rena-Catherine-Costello-wife-daughter-Netflix.htmlhttps://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/reports/a64766442/fred-and-rose-west-children/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Westhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Westhttps://www.ft.com/content/9944678e-ec0e-11e9-aefb-a946d2463e4bhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/monicamercuri/2025/05/16/where-is-rose-west-now-heres-whether-the-serial-killer-is-still-in-prison/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/04/europe/fred-rosemary-west-murders-gbr-cmd-intl

Welcome back to Case by Concept! We kick off season three by discussing the important concept of rapport, and how it can help bring closure to many families of those with missing or deceased loved ones. Tiggy and James are up to their usual bullsh*t and gallows humour, and we look at serial killer Richard Cottingham.

Tiggy and James discover that a serious violent offence case can start within the prison walls itself. We explore the consequences for both the victim and the perpetrator of the crime and James goes on a rant in this seasons final episode. Definition:https://eige.europa.eu/publications-resources/thesaurus/terms/1248?language_content_entity=enIn academia:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372049228_Bringing_injustice_back_in_Secondary_victimization_as_epistemic_injusticehttps://uorth.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/orth_2002_sjr.pdfIn a criminal case:https://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/24/justice/woman-blamed-for-her-rape/index.htmlhttps://www.cbsnews.com/philadelphia/news/court-oks-life-sentences-for-inmate-who-raped-prison-clerk/https://www.pennlive.com/news/2015/12/inmate_who_raped_female_prison.htmlhttps://www.centredaily.com/news/local/crime/article42853008.htmlhttps://www.centredaily.com/news/local/crime/article42841938.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Correctional_Institution_–_Rockviewhttps://prisonjournalismproject.org/2023/08/17/violent-impact-of-light-sound-prison/#:~:text=by David Annarelli, Prison Journalism,my ears to my spine.Photos:https://sociologysaviour.wordpress.com/tag/secondary-victimisation/https://centrehistory.org/article/sci-rockview/

Today we cover the very recent case regarding Matthew Coleman and his family. As always, listeners may find the details graphic. How can a conspiracy theory go too far? And at what point could this have been stopped, if at all?Definition:https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-en/In academia:https://philarchive.org/archive/PIGPRO#:~:text=According to Popper, the 'conspiracy,the conspiracies of the gods.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00131857.2021.1917364https://www.britannica.com/topic/conspiracy-theoryIn a criminal case:https://www.aol.com/matthew-coleman-qanon-dad-charged-124313246.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAABFaIXNG6CBF3rkBYOq5yL_rk4ibZBeRSWv_6PME2pgVvPq10j3puigO3SJCJDRShVVSLIdkjhegrqNvzOAesM202I8esKELnCrqjh8q2sxuwA7dAvMLblPgopk4zYblJB6XFK8IYNRuvbH6Dmg19iNUjumBhHiUdtCYa_o7xFV1https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdca/pr/santa-barbara-man-indicted-san-diego-killing-his-children-mexicohttps://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21040988-matthew-taylor-coleman-fbi-docs/https://www.vice.com/en/article/qanon-dad-killed-kids-serpent-dna/https://www.reddit.com/r/TrueCrimeDiscussion/comments/1gpet92/on_august_9th_2021_it_is_alleged_that_matthew/Photos:matthew-coleman-b2106286.htmlhttps://www.ksby.com/news/local-news/arraignment-postponed-for-santa-barbara-man-charged-with-murdering-his-childrenhttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-21/qanon-the-conspiracy-web-creeping-into-u-s-politics-quicktake

This week we cover a famous case in which those involved in the story themselves travel together to discuss the implications of their case. What is the weapons focus effect, and how can it change an innocent man's life forever?Definition:https://www.college.police.uk/research/projects/effect-visual-distractors-weapon-focus-effect-eyewitness-memory#:~:text=One phenomenon that has been,the individual holding the weapon.In academia:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10545598/#:~:text=E. F.-,Loftus et al.,when he held a check.https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10545598/#CR67In a criminal case:https://innocenceproject.org/cases/ronald-cotton/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/dna/etc/script.htmlhttps://deathpenaltyinfo.org/stories/the-perfect-witnessPhotos:https://www.kepplerspeakers.com/speakers/picking-cottonhttps://www.alamy.com/ronald-cotton-right-is-shown-in-this-1984-police-photo-following-his-arrest-on-rape-charges-in-burlington-nc-cotton-was-convicted-of-the-rape-of-jennifer-thompson-in-january-1985-eleven-years-later-he-was-released-from-prison-after-dna-testing-showed-that-bobby-poole-left-pictured-in-a-1985-police-photo-actually-committed-the-crime-burlington-police-department-via-ap-image509086492.htmlhttps://klau.nd.edu/news-events/news/jennifer-thompson-the-concentric-circles-of-harm/

This week we cover negligence and a horrific case regarding a teenagers needs not being met. Even with a phone available to the victim, she was still unable to call for help. We explore this and more in today's episode.Definition:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/negligencehttps://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/criminal negligencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_negligencehttps://go-legal.co.uk/reasonable-person-test-in-professional-negligence-claims/?srsltid=AfmBOopf1SYgxrNLAJLB6X2pA9CG-26WJSyXT_QOQFO4Y32ckFINpgSuIn academia:professionalnegligenceclaimsolicitorshttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35913874/https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12536Negligence in a criminal case:https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/feb/01/kaylea-titford-father-admits-he-heard-daughter-screaming-the-night-before-deathhttps://www.itv.com/news/wales/2023-02-07/how-the-abhorrent-neglect-of-a-vulnerable-teen-was-hidden-from-the-outside-worldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Kaylea_Titfordhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/mar/14/kaylea-titford-had-no-care-plan-in-place-when-she-died-review-findsPhotos:https://news.sky.com/story/amp/kaylea-titford-father-jailed-for-more-than-7-years-over-obese-daughters-manslaughter-as-mother-gets-6-years-12821352https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/legal-rights/clinical-negligence/

This week's episode covers the shortcuts in our brains and what happens when we don't use them! It underpins all our daily interactions, and James and Tiggy find out that they could never become council house cleaners!Definition:https://www.simplypsychology.org/what-is-a-schema.htmlhttps://www.medicinenet.com/what_are_the_four_types_of_schema_in_psychology/article.htmhttps://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-schema-2795873#:~:text=Simply put, a schema describes,is available in our environment.In academia:https://www.verywellmind.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-2795457Event Schema in a criminal case:https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/debt-and-money/action-your-creditor-can-take/changing-a-court-order-for-debt/#:~:text=If your creditor has taken,full by a certain date.https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/apr/20/lodger-body-hidden-sheltered-housing#:~:text=Pring's skeleton was finally discovered,following a county court order.http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/gloucestershire/8633012.stmhttps://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1267987/Bristol-flat-Alan-Derrick-lived-10-years-corpse-hidden-sofa.htmlhttps://www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/2019/07/27/grisly-discoverieshttps://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/the-flat-where-tenant-alan-derrick-lived-216356

Join Tiggy and James as they discover the concept of psychological autopsy and the case of Kristen Trickle. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_autopsyIn academia:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10483187/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09540261.2024.2378075#d1e164Psychological autopsy in a criminal case:https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kristen-trickle-colby-trickle-kansas-psychological-autopsy-criminal-case-to-determine-mindset-of-fatal-shooting-victim-48-hours/https://hayspost.com/posts/0379c4b5-8e93-4dcb-8d83-cfb4b8537b90Photos:https://www.paramountpressexpress.com/location-not-allowedhttps://www.kake.com/kansas-man-who-killed-his-wife-used-insurance-payout-to-buy-sex-doll/article_b2d8efe1-ea52-5bc1-9adf-c95caf19c8fe.htmlhttps://www.facebook.com/ColbyTrickleMusic

FLASH- now you remember everything. How does that work? What's the research about? What's your personal flashbulb memory? Join us as we discuss one of the most intriguing and widespread flashbulb memory of all. https://www.simplypsychology.org/flashbulb-memory.htmlhttps://www.simplypsychology.org/flashbulb-memory.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8007835https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/acp.984https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/en/publications/crashing-memories-and-reality-monitoring-distinguishing-between-pFlashbulb memory in a criminal case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavrilo_Princip#Joining_Young_Bosniahttps://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/june-28-1914#:~:text=When it was learned that,perceived threat to Serbian independence.https://www.history.com/news/the-assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Bosnia#Formation,_membership_and_ideologyhttps://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/may/25/the-trigger-gavrilo-princip-surprisingly-sympathetic-review

Today we talk about how too much confidence is a bad thing. Tiggy tells James about how a flight ended in death and destruction when two pilots make a BET on how to land the plane. That bet costed lives, and what happened to the pilots?https://www.scribbr.co.uk/bias-in-research/the-overconfidence-bias/https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/career-map/sell-side/capital-markets/overconfidence-bias/#:~:text=Overconfidence%20bias%20is%20a%20tendency,behavioral%20finance%20and%20capital%20markets.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0970389615000944?via%3Dihubhttps://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2681&context=faculty_scholarship#:~:text=For%20income%2Dgenerating%20crimes%2C%20the,offending%2C%20controlling%20for%20other%20risk.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377781931_Managing_Overconfidence_Bias_in_Decision_Making_A_Review_of_the_Literaturehttps://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/black-box-down/id1503540842?i=1000527474261https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/326909https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeroflot_Flight_6502https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/06/world/europe/russia-plane-crash.htmlhttps://www.unilad.com/community/russia-pilots-land-passenger-plane-blind-disaster-bet-792951-20231031

This case covers a domestic violence case and how a whole family can blow up at the hands of one person. Tiggy also educates James on the law of diminished responsibility.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M'Naghten_ruleshttps://askewslegal.co/insights/criminal-law/the-defence-of-diminished-responsibility/#:~:text=The legal defence of diminished,consideration of mental health factors.https://www.britannica.com/science/mental-disorderhttps://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/full/10.1111/1556-4029.13789https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-22879041https://www.essexlive.news/news/essex-news/familys-heartbreak-beloved-harlow-mum-9531224https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2340134/Mark-Golds-Let-finish--Murderer-demanded-police-let-stab-girlfriend-arrested-moments-fatal-knife-attack.htmlhttps://www.itv.com/news/anglia/story/2013-06-12/harlow-killer-gets-life/https://vlex.co.uk/vid/r-v-golds-792604053https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-20115446https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/r-v-golds.phphttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-18868258https://supremecourt.uk/uploads/uksc_2015_0053_judgment_4d36e99af2.pdfhttps://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2015-0053

This week we talk about how learned helplessness can cause inactivity. And what happens when that finally breaks. Featuring Eastenders, multiple body parts and a suspicious family member, this episode dives right in. Definition:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325355#:~:text=In%20psychology%2C%20learned%20helplessness%20is,opportunities%20for%20change%20are%20available.In academia:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4920136/#:~:text=Learned%20helplessness%2C%20the%20failure%20to,learning%20undermined%20trying%20to%20escape.https://www.simplypsychology.org/learned-helplessness.htmlLearned helplessness in a criminal case:https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/JCO/Documents/Judgments/tony-mccluskie-sentencing-remarks-30012013.pdfhttps://www.standard.co.uk/news/crime/life-in-jail-for-brother-of-eastenders-actress-who-he-murdered-chopped-up-and-dumped-in-canal-8472964.htmlhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jan/30/brother-eastenders-gemma-mccluskie-murderhttps://horridhackney.com/f/body-of-murdered-eastenders-actress-found-in-regents-canal-2012https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemma_McCluskiehttps://www.itv.com/watch/evidence-of-evil/10a3266/10a3266a0009https://www.bustle.com/p/where-is-tony-mccluskie-now-gemma-mccluskies-murder-is-the-subject-of-this-c5-doc-18145092

Episode two talks about racism, but in a slightly different way than you think! Can the FBI help solve this one, or is it the 'lowly' local police officer who knows better about this town?Definition:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582860/#:~:text=This article reviews research examining,phenotypic characteristics of the face.https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.785283/fullIn academia:https://libkey.io/libraries/810/articles/5222464/full-text-filehttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9138180/In a criminal case:https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6947630/bio/https://murderpedia.org/male.L/l/lee-derrick-todd.htmhttps://criminalminds.fandom.com/wiki/Derrick_Todd_Leehttps://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=90604&page=1#:~:text=Lee is black, but when,gone from white to black.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick_Todd_Leehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7269294/carrie_lynn-yoderPictures:https://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/21/us/louisiana-serial-killer-dies/index.htmlhttps://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/hear-from-families-of-derrick-todd-lees-victims-we-couldnt-be-happier-any-sense-of/article_f6c7971b-3241-5206-8f8a-14f9ab04a212.amp.html

Welcome back to another season of Case By Concept! Tiggy and James are back with their usual commentary. To kick things off this week we are looking at Victimology, and the case of Levi Bellfield. https://www.alliant.edu/blog/what-is-victimology#:~:text=Characterized as the scientific study,restorative justice as a whole.https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/397186https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No70/No70_12VE_Dussich.pdfhttps://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/ccj230/chapter/1-14-victims-in-the-cj-system/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-35539761https://www.itv.com/news/2016-01-27/milly-dowler-a-timeline-of-the-investigationhttps://www.getsurrey.co.uk/special-features/milly-dowler---the-timeline-4814942https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jul/04/milly-dowler-voicemail-hacked-news-of-worldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Milly_Dowlerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_Bellfield#Kate_Sheedyhttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-46787240https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/incoming/gallery/levi-bellfield-spend-rest-life-4733693

Another Hot Topic for you guys this week! We cover the case of Louisa Dunne and the conviction of a 92 year old man for her murder. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/louisa-dunne-ryland-headley-bristol-b2779623.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Louisa_Dunnehttps://www.suffolk.police.uk/news/suffolk/news/unsolved-cases/edna-harvey/https://www.suffolk.police.uk/news/suffolk/news/unsolved-cases/doris-shelley/https://www.suffolk.police.uk/news/suffolk/news/unsolved-cases/karen-hales/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/ce393x8ld4pohttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/jul/04/graveyard-spiral-why-louisa-dunne-cold-case-breakthrough-may-be-a-rare-winhttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c36xw0ryw51ohttps://news.sky.com/story/man-92-who-raped-and-murdered-woman-nearly-60-years-ago-jailed-13390572https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-47791249

In this BONUS episode, we discuss the news that Peter Sullivan has had his conviction for murder quashed. We also discuss how Tiggy was WRONGED by her friends James and Jasmyne. https://www.herefordtimes.com/news/national/25159518.family-murdered-wirral-florist-want-justice-conviction-quashed/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/may/13/legacy-of-diane-sindall-1987-conviction-overturned-peter-sullivanhttps://www.theguardian.com/law/2025/may/13/peter-sullivan-jail-murder-conviction-quashed-diane-sindallhttps://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/diane-sindalls-family-release-new-31632627

How can a psychological and theoretical concept turn to murder? Find out on the season finale of Case By Concept!Definition:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/eugenicsIn academia:https://www-sciencedirect-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0140673623003306https://www-cambridge-org.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/core/journals/history-of-education-quarterly/article/eugenics-sex-and-family-life-education-and-juvenile-delinquency-in-los-angeles-county-california/42B659EAD258BD002D2F589F33214482https://aeon.co/essays/eugenics-today-where-eugenic-sterilisation-continues-nowIn a criminal case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders_Behring_Breivikhttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/stories-57920682https://www.britannica.com/event/Oslo-and-Utoya-attacks-of-2011https://creation.com/anders-breivik-mass-murderPictures:https://www.npr.org/2011/07/22/138626825/police-norway-bombing-shootings-domestic-terrorhttps://www.reuters.com/world/europe/norwegian-mass-killer-breivik-sues-state-again-aftenposten-2023-08-18/Question:https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8661660/Tracie-Andrews-unrepentant-as-she-is-freed-from-jail.html?ICID=continue_without_subscribing_reg_first

Can you say Machiavellianism? Tiggy struggles on this episode of Case By Concept. Definition:https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/machiavellianismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiavellianism_(psychology)https://psychcentral.com/lib/machiavellianism-cognition-and-emotion-understanding-how-the-machiavellian-thinks-feels-and-thrives#Void-of-empathyIn academia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_triadhttps://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/epdf/10.1111/jopy.12251https://fortune.com/well/2023/02/08/dark-personality-traits-narcissists-manipulators-in-the-workplace/#Machiavellianism in a criminal case:https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13018142/https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/from-the-archives-road-rage-killers-lies-131205Pictures:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/watch-tv-press-conference-convinced-13020925.ampQuestion:https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/mothers-undying-love-paved-road-1010858https://crimebodge.co.uk/answers/can-the-police-lie-to-you/#:~:text=Under these rules, police officers,your account or catch inconsistencies.https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/law-politics/research/impact/improving-protections-for-vulnerable-people-in-police-custody#:~:text=PACE Code C&text=It sets out the rights,injury or autism spectrum condition.

How does a false confession occur? What are the repercussions? Find out in this episode of Case By Concept.Definitionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/false-confessionIn academia:https://www.law.umich.edu/special/exoneration/Pages/casedetailpre1989.aspx?caseid=25https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_crossref_primary_10_1002_bsl_826https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_webofscience_primary_000412826300001CitationCountIn criminal case:https://www.barrybaines.co.uk/captivate-podcast/miscarriage-of-justice-stefan-kiszko/https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lesley_MolseedPictures:https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/real-life/man-touched-miscarriage-justice-visits-27095204Question:https://milwaukee-criminal-lawyer.com/pros-and-cons-of-a-no-contest-plea/

This week's episode covers the concept of stereotype and the case of Aileen Wuornos.Definition:https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/stereotypehttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/stereotypeIn academia:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103609/https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/features/lhb-lhb0000190.pdfIn a casehttps://capitalpunishmentincontext.org/cases/wuornoshttps://www.biography.com/crime/aileen-wuornoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aileen_Wuornoshttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/1945465.stmPictures:https://serialkillersinfo.com/serial-killers/aileen-wuornos-serial-killer/attachment/aileen-wuornos-victims/Question:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lori_Erica_Ruff#:~:text=Following Ruff's death, her ex,she married into the family./

Today's concept is identity and we look into Stevie Allman! Or.... maybe it isn't Stevie Allman? Listen to find out more!Definitionhttps://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/identityhttps://www.berkeleywellbeing.com/identity.htmlhttps://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/dissociative-disorders/#:~:text=There are many possible causes,even an invasive medical procedure.In academiahttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/0950017015620767https://www.simplypsychology.org/social-identity-theory.htmlThe casehttps://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/17/us/sister-charged-with-murder-and-identity-switch.htmlhttps://www.oxygen.com/snapped/crime-news/sarah-mitchell-killed-sister-to-steal-her-identityhttps://www.itv.com/watch/the-truth-about-my-murder/10a3805/10a3805a0003https://luminolpod.com/blog/f/the-murder-of-stevie-allmanPictures:https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/129710756/stevie_viola-allmanhttps://www.oxygen.com/snapped/crime-news/sarah-mitchell-killed-sister-to-steal-her-identity?amphttps://www.google.com/amp/s/fletchermarple.tumblr.com/post/125563896219/the-black-delilah-sarah-mitchell-47-had-been/ampQuestion:https://www.copfs.gov.uk/publications/deceased-suspects-policy/

Today we cover familicide and the case of Christopher Foster.Definition:https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/familicidehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familicide#:~:text=Yardley, Wilson, and Lynes divide,them as surplus to requirements.In academia:https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1524838018821955https://www.bcu.ac.uk/news-events/news/characteristics-of-family-killers-revealed-by-first-classification-studyhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0058981https://news.npcc.police.uk/releases/report-reveals-scale-of-domestic-homicide-and-suicides-by-victims-of-domestic-abuse#:~:text=A total of 242 domestic,31 adult family homicides (AFH)The case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maesbrook#Osbaston_House_deathshttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt3294002/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/nov/22/christopher-foster-news-crimehttps://weatherspark.com/h/m/45062/2008/8/Historical-Weather-in-August-2008-in-London-United-Kingdomhttps://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/weather/daily-graph?2008-08-26Pictures:https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/black-country/my-brother-shot-killed-wife-27574577.amphttps://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3549392/amp/Aftermath-murder-spree-Pictures-remains-1-2million-home-gutted-fire-millionaire-businessman-shot-dead-wife-daughter-horses-dogs.htmlhttps://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/memory/how-memory-works

Today we cover whether false memories can actually exist and how they impact on a criminal case. This episode features violence against children. Definition:https://dictionary.apa.org/false-memoryhttp://www.scholarpedia.org/article/False_memoryIn academia:https://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_loftus_how_reliable_is_your_memory?subtitle=enhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/and-the-memory-wars-wage-onThe case:https://www.spring.org.uk/2022/12/false-memory.phphttps://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-08-07/crimes-of-the-times-the-george-franklin-repressed-memory-murder-casehttps://www.oxygen.com/true-crime-buzz/has-the-1969-murder-of-susan-nason-been-solvedhttps://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/showtime-buried-repressed-memory-george-franklin-susan-nason-cold-case/https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-9th-circuit/1262954.htmlhttps://www.eonline.com/news/1306653/murder-memories-and-a-shattered-family-the-twisted-case-unearthed-in-showtimes-buriedPictures:https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-08-07/crimes-of-the-times-the-george-franklin-repressed-memory-murder-case

Today's concept covers just how suggestibility can make or break an entire case. Listen to this wild story now! Check out our instagram @casebyconcept for the associated pictures.Definition:https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/suggestibility#In academia:Dudek, I. and Polczyk, R. (2024) ‘Memory distrust and suggestibility: A registered report’, Legal and criminological psychology, 29(1), pp. 100–123. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12249.Miura, H. and Itoh, Y. (2016) ‘The effect of suggestibility on eyewitness identifications: A comparison between showups and lineups’, Shinrigaku kenkyū, 87(1), pp. 32–39. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.87.14073.The case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMartin_preschool_trialhttps://famous-trials.com/mcmartin/902-homehttp://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/mcmartin/mcmartinchrono.htmlhttps://famous-trials.com/mcmartin/916-macfarlanetestimonyPictures:https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-07-17/crimes-of-the-times-mcmartin-preschoolQuestionhttps://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/proven-reoffending-statistics-january-to-march-2022/proven-reoffending-statistics-january-to-march-2022#overall--offender-demographics

This week's episode covers recidivism and Roy Whiting, who repeatedly harmed young children. Be warned that this episode contains violence against children. Definition:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/recidivism#google_vignettehttps://www.simplypsychology.org/recidivism.htmlRecidivism in academia:Yukhnenko, D. et al. (2019) ‘Recidivism rates in individuals receiving community sentences: A systematic review’, PloS one, 14(9), pp. e0222495–e0222495. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222495.https://library-search.open.ac.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=cdi_crossref_primary_10_1111_rssa_12227&context=PC&vid=44OPN_INST:VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&adaptor=Primo Central&tab=Everything&query=any,contains,recidivism rates uk&offset=0Yukhnenko, D., Sridhar, S. and Fazel, S. (2020) ‘A systematic review of criminal recidivism rates worldwide: 3-year update’, Wellcome open research, 4, pp. 28–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14970.3.Farley, H. and Pike, A. (2016) Engaging prisoners in education: Reducing risk and recidivism.The case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Sarah_Payne#Roy_Whitinghttps://www.theguardian.com/society/2001/dec/12/childprotectionhttps://www.getsurrey.co.uk/news/surrey-news/sarah-payne-murder-20-anniversary-17851627https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-68288302https://www.sarsas.org.uk/who-we-are/history/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-40640940Pictures:https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-68288302.amphttps://www.chillingcrimes.com/blogs/news/sarah-payneQuestion:https://prisonjobs.blog.gov.uk/your-a-d-guide-on-prison-categories/

James was in charge of editing in this week's episode of Case by Concept, could you tell? Today we cover psychopathy and a very dangerous man who killed many and claimed to kill more. Let us know your thoughts on instagram @casebyconcept!Question:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mental_disordersDefinition:https://www.verywellhealth.com/sociopath-vs-psychopath-characteristics-and-differences-5193369#:~:text=Although the terms are often,neither is an official diagnosis.&text=Of the two, psychopathy is,to love or feel remorse.https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/psychopath-sociopath-differenceshttps://www.healthline.com/health/psychopath#vs-sociopathAmount of psychopaths in prison:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252709000247#:~:text=requisite number of-,Prevalence,%, 3.3–10.6).Amount of psychopathshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8374040/Coined the term:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4059069/#:~:text=The term psychopathy comes from,which literally means suffering soul.OPD Pathwayhttps://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/PRN00321-The-offender-personality-disorder-pathway-a-joint-strategy-for-2023-to-2028.pdfThe case:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_MackayPicture:https://www.kentlive.news/news/kent-news/patrick-mackay-kents-most-notorious-8155402

How can schizophrenia affect life? How many people in the world have it? Tune in to this week's episode all about schizophrenia and the intriguing case of Michael Laudor.Definition:https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophreniaWho first described it:https://livingwithschizophreniauk.org/information-sheets/schizophrenia-a-brief-history/#:~:text=7,at the university in Estonia.WHO:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schizophreniaSchizophrenia and childhood abuse:Engelstad, K.N. et al. (2019) ‘Increased prevalence of psychopathy and childhood trauma in homicide offenders with schizophrenia compared to nonviolent individuals with schizophrenia’, Nordic journal of psychiatry, 73(8), pp. 501–508. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2019.1656777.Crime:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4905518/#:~:text=The prevalence of convictions for,in the sibling comparison sample.Story:https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/05/american-madness-schizophrenia-mental-illness/673490/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Laudor#:~:text=Michael B.,during an episode of psychosis.https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/19/nyregion/from-mental-illness-to-yale-to-murder-charge.htmlhttps://medium.com/@marzen.sarah/the-unfortunate-story-of-michael-laudor-bad2c191235ehttps://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/09/nyregion/voyage-bedlam-part-way-back-yale-law-graduate-schizophrenic-encumbered-invisible.htmlhttps://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/the-two-faces-of-michael-1166821.htmlPicture:https://nypost.com/2023/05/10/poster-boy-for-safe-schizophrenia-was-to-be-played-by-brad-pitt-before-the-author-murdered-his-pregnant-fiancee/

Confirmation bias and the Yorkshire Ripper is discussed in the first ever episode of Case By Concept. We will be looking into research surrounding confirmation bias and how the investigation into the Yorkshire Ripper was rife with it. Definition: https://www.simplypsychology.org/confirmation-bias.htmlAntivaxxers use certain information to further their pre-existing beliefs: Corine S. Meppelink, Edith G. Smit, Marieke L. Fransen & Nicola Diviani (2019) “I was Right about Vaccination”: Confirmation Bias and Health Literacy in Online Health Information Seeking, Journal of Health Communication, 24:2, 129-140, DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2019.1583701Over 300 papers found to misrepresent findings of experiments due to confirmation bias: Simon, Luxton-Reilly, A. and Adelakun-Adeyemo, O. (2021) ‘Confirmation Bias and Other Flaws in Citing Pass Rate Studies’, in Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1. New York, NY, USA: ACM, pp. 575–581. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1145/3430665.3456357.Confirmation bias on testing hypotheses: Mynatt, C. R., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1977). Confirmation bias in a simulated research environment: An experimental study of scientific inference. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 29(1), 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335557743000053Recount of the Yorkshire Ripper case:https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/tvfilm/the-yorkshire-ripper-timeline-murders-b1111127.htmlWearside John:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wearside_Jack#:~:text=Wearside Jack is the nickname,letters in 1978 and 1979.Peter Sutcliffe’s victims list:https://inews.co.uk/culture/television/peter-sutcliffe-victims-list-how-many-women-yorkshire-ripper-guild-2639438?srsltid=AfmBOop2z8CgCTyR6E0b09Oca1f9ZaafeSpNmM9eocb1kk6FMNKjJ9Bfhttps://www.leeds-live.co.uk/news/leeds-news/peter-sutcliffes-victims-who-were-27829709https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12763617/Police-PC-account-caught-Peter-Sutcliffe-Yorkshire-Ripper-squad.htmlPicture:https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-54874713.amp

Hello and welcome to Case By Concept! Season one will give you twelve episodes of psychological concepts and how they relate to a real true crime case. We welcome all.