In Vivo

In this episode, Eric Jorgenson, author of the bestselling The Almanack of Naval Ravikant and The Book of Elon, breaks down Elon Musk’s most useful ideas for students, young professionals, and anyone who wants to think and operate at a higher level.We explore:• How to apply First Principles Thinking to school, career, and life• Why you should play life like a game and optimize for what actually matters• The power of high effort optimism, parallel work, and attacking bottlenecks• Elon’s mindset on risk, feedback, and extreme ownership• Why Tesla and SpaceX attract the best young engineers• Gamification, orders of magnitude thinking, and the Idiot Index Eric also shares how he built his unique “wisdom compilation” books and what he learned after spending years curating Elon’s best ideas.Links:The Book of Elon → https://a.co/d/04XBfSE9The Almanack of Naval Ravikant → https://a.co/d/05uYzef9Eric Jorgenson on X → https://x.com/EricJorgensonIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

What is energy in biology? In this eye-opening conversation, biophysicist Dr. Nirosha Murugan reveals that life is not just chemistry or genes, it is structured, patterned energy in constant flow. She explains why the dynamic flow of energy is what separates a living cell from a dead one, how cells emit ultra-weak light called biophotons, and why diseased cells (including cancer) have completely different light signatures.Dr. Murugan also breaks down the groundbreaking Energy Resistance Principle (ERP) she co-developed with Dr. Martin Picard, explores intelligence without a brain in slime molds and planaria, bioelectricity in tissue patterning and regeneration, and her lab’s work using electromagnetic fields to reprogram cancer cells.Connect with Dr. Nirosha Murugan:X (Twitter): https://x.com/niroshajmuruganThe Murugan Lab at Wilfrid Laurier University: https://themuruganlab.com/Martin Picard’s Substack (co-author of the Energy Resistance Principle): https://martinpicard.substack.com/#Biophotons #EnergyResistancePrinciple #NiroshaMurugan #QuantumBiology #Bioelectricity #Biophysics #CancerDetection #EnergyInBiologyIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this deep-dive conversation, evolutionary biologist Dr. Bret Weinstein joins me to explore his groundbreaking hypothesis: that Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) function as genomic “sliders”, numerical variables stored in non-coding DNA that allow evolution to rapidly explore adjacent forms and solve major gaps in neo-Darwinism.We discuss why evolutionary theory has stalled for decades, how VNTRs could explain fast morphological transitions (like shrew-to-bat), the adjacent possible, telomeres as proof-of-concept, and why the standard story of allelic variation may be far less powerful than we’ve been told.Bret also reacts to four original extensions I propose, including VNTRs as error-correction codes, environmental resonators, and microbiome tuning.Bret Weinstein:X / Twitter: https://x.com/BretWeinsteinDark Horse Podcast: https://darkhorsepodcast.org/Buy the book: A Hunter-Gatherer’s Guide to the 21st Century https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08WDN2RZB/?bestFormat=true&k=hunter%20gathers%20guide%20to%20the%2021st%20century&ref_=nb_sb_ss_w_scx-ent-bk-ww_k0_1_21_de&crid=2KPWO9JBHW2AN&sprefix=a%20hunter%20gather%27s%20guiIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Do we actually have free will, or is it just a neurobiological illusion? In this fascinating episode, neuroscientist and bioengineer Dr. Nic Rouleau explains why our feeling of making choices might just be a hardwired neurological superstition.We dive deep into the world of cybernetics, exploring why living biological computers are currently vastly more efficient at learning than modern artificial intelligence. Dr. Rouleau, who runs the Self-Organizing Units Lab (SOUL) at Laurier University, shares his groundbreaking work on growing human neurons in a dish and what it tells us about cognition. We also explore the concept of "mind blindness," the profound intelligence of plants, panpsychism, and the mind-bending future of "consciousness engineering", including whether we will ever be able to successfully transfer human consciousness to a machine.Papers mentioned:1. Free Will• A Neuropsychological Basis for the Experience of Free Will Under Causal Determinism Authors: Kansala, Cicek, Rouleau et al. Preprint: https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/fk3yt_v12. Cybernetics & Tissue Engineering• A Cybernetic Framework for Synthetic Biological Intelligence in the Era of Neural Tissue Engineering Authors: Étienne P. Sellar, Nicolas Rouleau Preprint: https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/md2wf_v1• Learning and Synaptic Plasticity in 3D Bioengineered Neural Tissues Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Dana M. Cairns, William Rusk, Michael Levin, David L. Kaplan Published: Neuroscience Letters (2021) Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304394021001774• Functional Bioengineered Models of the Central Nervous System Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Nirosha J. Murugan, David L. Kaplan Published: Nature Reviews Bioengineering (2023) Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-023-00027-7• Toward Studying Cognition in a Dish Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Nirosha J. Murugan, David L. Kaplan Published: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2021) Link: https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(21)00007-33. Mind Blindness• Brains and Where Else? Mapping Theories of Consciousness to Unconventional Embodiments Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Michael Levin Preprint (in press with Philosophical Transactions): https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/va5mk_v1• The Multiple Realizability of Sentience in Living Systems and Beyond Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Michael Levin Published: eNeuro (2023) Link: https://www.eneuro.org/content/10/11/ENEURO.0375-23.2023.abstract• Discussions of Machine Versus Living Intelligence Need More Clarity Authors: Nicolas Rouleau, Michael Levin Published: Nature Machine Intelligence (2024) Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-024-00955-yRouleau Lab: https://rouleaulab.com X/Twitter: @DrNRouleau Wilfrid Laurier University profile: https://www.wlu.ca/academics/faculties/faculty-of-science/faculty-profiles/nicolas-rouleau/index.htmlIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this episode of In Vivo Podcast, Dr. Antonei Csoka, biogerontologist and Director of the Epigenetics Laboratory at Howard University College of Medicine, shows how studying Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, the most extreme accelerated aging disease, is giving us the keys to achieving radical longevity and possibly biological immortality.As one of the scientists who discovered the LMNA gene mutation responsible for progeria, Dr. Csoka explains how this tragic condition is not just a mimic of aging, but actual aging running at extreme speed. The same core mechanisms we see in normal aging like nuclear distortion, telomere loss, DNA damage, epigenetic changes, and especially cellular senescence are all dramatically accelerated in these patients.By understanding progeria, we gain powerful insights into how to slow, stop, or even reverse the aging process itself.Dr. Csoka makes a compelling case that biological immortality may be achievable within this century.#longevity #biologicalimmortality #progeria #antiaging #CellularSenescence #lifeextension #agingresearch #cryonics #YamanakaFactors #MetaDisease #InVivoPodcastDr. Csoka's X page - https://x.com/abcsokaDr. Csokas' Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/abcsoka/reels/?__d=1In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

What if your brain is actually a "reducing valve" that filters out most of reality? In this episode, we dive deep into the world of DMT (N-Dimethyltryptamine) and 5-MeO-DMT with Dr. Chris Timmermann from the Center for Psychedelic Research at Imperial College London. His work focuses on the effects of DMT on the human brain and how it can help us understand the relationship between brain activity and conscious experience. In this episode we explore how these powerful molecules are being used as tools to study the very limits of human consciousness and the nature of reality itself.Dr. Timmermann’s Lab - https://www.uccr.uk/Dr. Timmermann on X - @neurodeliaIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Dr. Aiello is a quantum engineer and researcher working at the intersection of quantum physics, quantum engineering, and quantum biology, to explore a provocative idea: that there may be a basal, underlying quantum layer to life itself.Many people encounter quantum mechanics for the first time and come away thinking it’s mysterious, abstract, or even “magic.” But as Dr. Aiello explains, quantum mechanics is not only real—it is practical, engineerable, and already shaping modern technology. From quantum computers to quantum sensors, quantum engineers are building instruments that can control and manipulate quantum systems with extraordinary precision.Dr. Clarice Aiello on X - https://x.com/ClariceDAielloThe Quantum Biology Institute on LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/quantum-biology-institute/The Quantum Biology Institute - https://www.quantumbiology.org/The QBI on X - https://x.com/QuantumBioOrgThe Quantum Biology DAO on X - https://x.com/QuantumBioDAOIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this episode of In Vivo, we dive deep into the "Hard Problem of Consciousness" with world-renowned anesthesiologist and researcher Dr. Stuart Hameroff. For decades, the mainstream scientific community has viewed the brain as a biological computer, with consciousness being a mere byproduct of complex neural wiring. But Dr. Hameroff, alongside Nobel Laureate Sir Roger Penrose, suggests a far more radical reality.Together, they developed the Orchestrated Objective Reduction (Orch-OR) theory, which proposes that consciousness arises from quantum vibrations within microscopic structures called microtubules.Drawing on his unique perspective as an anesthesiologist—the person responsible for literally turning consciousness "off" and "on"—Dr. Hameroff explains why our subjective experience (qualia) cannot be explained by classical physics alone. 0:00 Introduction & How I Discovered Dr. Hameroff's Work1:00 Defining Consciousness: The Hard Problem & Subjective Experience2:30 Classical vs. Quantum Views of Consciousness5:00 Microtubules 101: Structure, Function & Early Research8:45 Quantum Mechanics Basics: Superposition, Entanglement & Decoherence12:15 Introducing Orch-OR: Orchestrated Objective Reduction Explained18:30 Supporting Evidence for Orch-OR & Anesthesia's Role25:00 Free Will & Non-Algorithmic Processing32:00 Potential Therapies: Alzheimer's, Dementia & Microtubule Stabilization38:45 Quantum Effects Beyond the Brain – Other Cells & Proteins?45:00 Tubulin Count & Levels of Consciousness Across Species50:30 Panpsychism & Consciousness in Non-Biological Matter55:00 Psychedelics, Dreaming & the Afterlife in Orch-OR1:02:00 Quantum Soul, Near-Death Experiences & Reincarnation Speculation1:09:00 Transcranial Ultrasound & Brain Volume Changes in Alzheimer's1:16:00 Closing Thoughts & Personal Impact of the Theory1:22:00 Final Reflections & Thanks to Dr. Hameroff#consciousness #QuantumPhysics #StuartHameroff #RogerPenrose #Microtubules #OrchOR #TheHardProblem #QuantumBiology #SciencePodcast #InVivoDr. Hameroff’s at The University of Arizona – https://hameroff.arizona.edu/ Dr. Hameroff’s X page - https://x.com/StuartHameroffIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Robert Malone, the scientist credited with the invention of mRNA transfection technology, to discuss the true history of one of the most important tools in molecular biology. We go beyond the mainstream headlines to explore the moment of discovery at the Salk Institute, the "stolen valor" of the 2023 Nobel Prize, and the ethical crossroads facing modern science.00:00 Introduction: The Indispensable Tools of Biology 05:30 The Fried Egg Metaphor: How the Cell Works 14:00 The "Greased Lightning" Moment at the Salk Institute 28:45 What is Transfection? The Tech Behind the Vaccines 45:15 The Truth About the 2023 Nobel Prize & "Stolen Valor" 58:30 Risks and Pitfalls of the mRNA Platform 01:12:10 The Ethical Hollowing Out of Modern Science 01:25:00 Pushing Back: Globalist Agendas and Informed Consent 01:40:00 Closing Thoughts: Where to Follow Dr. MaloneLinks to referenced papers:1. Intracellular Reverse Transcription of Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 In Vitro in Human Liver Cell LineLink: https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/3/732. Cationic liposome-mediated RNA transfectionLink: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.86.16.60773. Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissuesLink: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.21059681184. DNA fragments detected in monovalent and bivalent Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna modRNA COVID-19 vaccines from Ontario, Canada: Exploratory dose response relationship with serious adverse eventsLink: https://osf.io/mjc97/5. The Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses: With this method the dangers of parental affection for a favorite theory can be circumventedLink: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.148.3671.754Dr. Malone's Substack: https://www.malone.news/Dr. Malone's X profile: https://x.com/RWMaloneMDPsyWar: https://www.amazon.ca/PsyWar-Enforcing-New-World-Order/dp/1510782958/ref=sr_1_2?crid=14SN4L6BW831N&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.kLcNQ1QjDhR6ats9Jt_276W8Wsi3AfQvkcMEYyLmxNBlObiBQDVifWI5RYKxv_0KibJWGCqcCeP7R5sClwQJdFUwDlQ3ROOEKqAFqQzXo188hsAzyRCDdHlzwGia1rzMTOlI3fzWmpGre2aqjEMHpoP4t45XLN07wRvVaRRGXuhIpgWyrRMjMCKWIjGK0BX0F_5AbDrQRuiRnajPv5LQ0eiW5Mnj6HJvYIfzqhU85al-qk2RxVIe4LwilPwVvTdmVIbctzPX8LZGQFUBl-JT0XtRoSF5dCvB1vmsze24o60.91bKaGEsGCe29_Z1gwnXat_Tif8278ehIRyvxWeFvmI&dib_tag=se&keywords=robert+malone&qid=1767709572&sprefix=robert+malone%2Caps%2C117&sr=8-2Lies My Gov't Told Me: https://www.amazon.ca/Lies-My-Govt-Told-Me/dp/151077324X/ref=sr_1_3?crid=14SN4L6BW831N&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.kLcNQ1QjDhR6ats9Jt_276W8Wsi3AfQvkcMEYyLmxNBlObiBQDVifWI5RYKxv_0KibJWGCqcCeP7R5sClwQJdFUwDlQ3ROOEKqAFqQzXo188hsAzyRCDdHlzwGia1rzMTOlI3fzWmpGre2aqjEMHpoP4t45XLN07wRvVaRRGXuhIpgWyrRMjMCKWIjGK0BX0F_5AbDrQRuiRnajPv5LQ0eiW5Mnj6HJvYIfzqhU85al-qk2RxVIe4LwilPwVvTdmVIbctzPX8LZGQFUBl-JT0XtRoSF5dCvB1vmsze24o60.91bKaGEsGCe29_Z1gwnXat_Tif8278ehIRyvxWeFvmI&dib_tag=se&keywords=robert+malone&qid=1767709572&sprefix=robert+malone%2Caps%2C117&sr=8-3In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

My guest today, Dr. Oded Rechavi, is a brilliant polymath who has dedicated his career to radical problem-solving. He's famous for discovering the inheritance of acquired memories and using ancient DNA sequencing to reconstruct the 2,000-year-old Dead Sea Scrolls.But now, he's tackling his biggest problem yet: the broken peer review process.The system, which has been the "gold standard" of science since 1665, has become a slow, biased, and soul-crushing bottleneck. We discuss why scientists are now acting like "cowards" and why it took six years for one of his papers to get published.Dr. Rechavi's answer is QED—an innovative AI platform he built to democratize and depoliticize research feedback.QED acts as an "MRI for logic," breaking down papers into core claims (logic trees), ruthlessly hunting for missing controls, logical gaps, and statistical errors—all in minutes, not months or years. It removes the author's identity and prestige to ensure a truly objective critique.00:00 The Tyranny of Peer Review01:12 Introducing Dr. ODed Avi01:39 The Broken System of Peer Review01:52 QED: Revolutionizing Peer Review with AI03:00 The Impact of Peer Review on Scientists04:40 Challenges and Biases in the Review Process09:00 The Addiction to Impact Factor17:32 The Future of Peer Review: AI and Transparency36:17 Addressing AI Fears and Misconceptions36:54 AI's Role in Enhancing Human Feedback37:32 Quality and Challenges of AI Reviews40:48 Future Applications of QED42:15 Development and Evolution of QED43:34 Challenges in AI and Future Improvements50:09 The Future of Scientific Publishing51:52 Interdisciplinary Research: Dead Sea Scrolls53:04 The Importance of Historical Context in Science01:10:00 Concluding Thoughts and Future VisionDr. Rechavi's lab - https://www.odedrechavilab.com/Dr. Rechavi on X - https://x.com/OdedRechaviQED - https://www.qedscience.com/In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo#SSRICrisis #FDAInsider #AntidepressantSideEffects #PSSD #SSRIWithdrawal #DrugTapering #SerotoninTheory #DrJosefWittDoerring #BigPharma #MentalHealthAwareness

Former FDA medical officer Dr. Josef Witt-Doerring joins me to blow the whistle on the widespread overprescription of psychiatric medications and the dangerous lack of proper SSRI tapering guidance.Dr. Witt-Doerring, who served in the FDA's Division of Psychiatry, reveals how the entire system—from clinical trials to prescribing habits—is built on a flawed foundation. He exposes the truth behind the serotonin theory of depression and explains why the long-term data on antidepressant side effects is virtually non-existent.In this must-watch interview, Dr. Witt-Doerring covers:The Serotonin Lie: Why the "chemical imbalance" narrative is bankrupt and how it led to a crisis.The Opioid Parallel: Drawing a direct line between the opioid crisis and the casual overprescription of SSRIs.Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD): The devastating, potentially permanent side effect that affects up to 70% of users and is routinely ignored.The Tapering Crisis: Why doctors are practicing outside the evidence base when advising patients on SSRI withdrawal and the urgent need for slow, meticulous drug tapering protocols.Big Pharma's Data Gap: Why controlled trials for these powerful drugs rarely last longer than a few months.If you or a loved one is taking psychiatric medication or considering getting off antidepressants, this is the most critical conversation you can hear. Dr. Josef is now one of the leading voices advocating for safe medication withdrawal and responsible mental health care.You may also enjoy: https://youtu.be/LxHimAbxSrY?si=o0VLoLVcf28nc25Q&t=1Connect with Dr. Josef Witt-Doerring's Work:Find out more about his work, the taper clinic, and resources: www.taperclinic.comCheck out the Dr. Josef YouTube Channel for more on mental health in America and psychiatry in the news:  @taperclinic  In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo#SSRICrisis #FDAInsider #AntidepressantSideEffects #PSSD #SSRIWithdrawal #DrugTapering #SerotoninTheory #DrJosefWittDoerring #BigPharma #MentalHealthAwareness

In this episode I speak with Dr. Emma Hapke, a leading psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and psychedelic researcher who ran the MAPS Canada MDMA trials in Montreal.Dr. Hapke provides an expert, on-the-ground look at the clinical trials and therapeutic process using substances like MDMA for PTSD and high-dose Psilocybin therapy for patients struggling with depression and end-of-life distress (fear of death/unprocessed grief).What you will learn:The Clinical Process: Dr. Hapke walks us through the intensive patient screening process, the preparation sessions, the high-dose treatment day, and the critical role of post-session integration and a two-therapist model.The Psychedelic Experience: Discover why these medicines are non-specific "amplifiers of the psyche" that facilitate a depth-oriented psychotherapeutic process. She cautions against the media narrative of a "brain reset," emphasizing that the medicines act as "catalysts for this deep work," which remains challenging for the patient.History and Future: We explore the deep history of altered consciousness and plant medicine in indigenous cultures, the 20th-century rediscovery with Albert Hofmann and LSD, and how the War on Drugs caused a decades-long setback for research.This discussion cuts through the "hope and the hype" to provide a clear, scientifically grounded view of where psychedelic medicine is today and its promise for the future of mental healthcare.Dr. Hapke's profile - https://www.uhn.ca/MentalHealth/Research/Psychedelic-Psychotherapy-Research/Pages/who-we-are.aspxIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Dr. Shawn Baker joins me to discuss the Carnivore Diet, his status as a controversial figure, and why he believes current nutrition science is failing the public.As a pioneering orthopedic surgeon and world-record-holding athlete, Dr. Baker provides an unfiltered look at the benefits of an all-meat diet for achieving peak athletic performance in his 50s.We deep-dive into the corporate interests and anti-meat lobbying groups that have labeled him the world's "#1 mis-influencer" and why he views this as a "dubious honor." This is the essential conversation on zero-carb, metabolic health, and taking control of your health away from big pharma.Disclaimer: Always consult with your doctor before making any significant changes to your diet or health regimen.#ShawnBaker #CarnivoreDiet #ZeroCarb #MetabolicHealth #NutritionScience #MeatHeals #HealthControversy #OptimalHealth #FastedLifestyleDr. Shawn Baker's X page - https://x.com/SBakerMDDr. Shawn Baker's book 'The Carnivore Diet' - https://www.amazon.ca/Carnivore-Diet-Shawn-Baker/dp/162860350X/ref=asc_df_162860350X?mcid=eb6c7be67e8f3b388d0aedf071a7957e&tag=googleshopc0c-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=706730090076&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=15949171223565559290&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9198282&hvtargid=pla-550048882508&psc=1&hvocijid=15949171223565559290-162860350X-&hvexpln=0&gad_source=1Revero - https://www.revero.com/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=organicIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this episode of In Vivo, I sit down with Dr. Nicholas Fabiano, a psychiatry resident and leading voice challenging the very foundation of modern mental health care. Dr. Fabiano argues that by separating the mind and body, Western medicine has created a dangerous medical divide that is failing patients.We dive deep into his viral assertion: "Could not prescribing exercise for depression be psychiatric malpractice?"In this groundbreaking conversation, you will discover:The Mind-Body Connection: Why the ancient concept that physical and mental health are inseparable is being ignored today, and why this historical blunder is hurting millions.The Exercise Prescription: The scientific evidence proving why exercise is often a more effective treatment for mild-to-moderate depression and anxiety than traditional methods.Beyond the Serotonin Hypothesis: Why the focus on "chemical imbalances" is often misleading and what true root causes—like inflammation and sleep—drive mental illness.Integrative Psychiatry's Blueprint: Dr. Fabiano shares the lifestyle factors every doctor should be prioritizing, including a discussion on the role of supplements like creatine and depression, the alarming discovery of microplastics in the body and brain, and the complex effects of marijuana legalization on public mental health.The Future of Wellness: How to move Psychiatry Beyond the Brain to treat the whole person for sustainable well-being.If you or a loved one have struggled with depression, anxiety, or feel frustrated with the pill-first approach of modern medicine, this interview is mandatory viewing.#PsychiatryBeyondTheBrain #DrFabiano #IntegrativePsychiatry #MindBodyConnection #ExerciseForDepression #MentalHealth #DepressionTreatment #AnxietyRelief #LifestyleMedicine #SerotoninHypothesis #MedicalMalpractice #HolisticHealth #MentalWellness #Inflammation #CreatineAndDepressionDr. Nicholas Fabiano's X page - https://x.com/NTFabianoIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

On September 22, 2025, the Trump administration held a landmark press conference in the White House Roosevelt Room, presenting evidence linking prenatal acetaminophen (Tylenol) exposure to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Led by President Trump and HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the announcement prompted immediate FDA actions, including label reviews and advisories urging caution during pregnancy—sparking global debate on a drug long considered safe for kids and expectant mothers.In this episode of the In Vivo podcast, I speak with Dr. William Parker, a scientist at the center of the acetaminophen-Autism connection. We take an objective look at the data, from molecular mechanisms to historical trends.Dr. Parker's lab - https://www.wplaboratory.org/In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

In this episode of In Vivo, we sit down with Dr. Tomás Duraj to challenge a century of conventional wisdom about cancer. For decades, the dominant theory has been the somatic mutation theory, which suggests cancer is a genetic disease caused by random mutations.Dr. Duraj and his colleagues are proposing a paradigm shift, viewing cancer as a mitochondrial metabolic disease. This theory explains that cancer cells are fundamentally different from healthy cells in how they produce energy, relying on a less efficient form of energy production through glucose and glutamine fermentation. This metabolic inflexibility is what makes them vulnerable.We discuss the history of cancer research, the flaws in the current paradigm, and the exciting potential of a new approach: Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy (KMT). Dr. Duraj explains how KMT, which includes a ketogenic diet, is not just a diet but a comprehensive strategy to create a metabolic disadvantage for cancer cells while protecting and empowering healthy ones.We cover:The Warburg Effect and the metabolic theory of cancerThe difference between how healthy cells and cancer cells generate ATPHow a ketogenic diet and other therapies can synergistically target cancer's vulnerabilitiesThe potential of KMT in treating aggressive cancers like glioblastomaThis is a must-watch for anyone interested in a new perspective on cancer research and treatment.Connect with Dr. Tomás Duraj: http://www.tomasduraj.com/Dr. Duraj's 2024 paper on KMT: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39639257/In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Dive into the science of sleep with Dr. Michael Mak, a leading psychiatrist and sleep medicine specialist at CAMH (Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) in Toronto. In this episode, we explore why sleep is essential for peak performance, memory consolidation, and mental health. Dr. Mak breaks down sleep stages (deep sleep, REM), the glymphatic system's role in brain detox and dementia prevention, and practical tips like CBT-I for insomnia, weighted blankets for anxiety, and debunking polyphasic sleep myths like Da Vinci's protocol. Learn about sleep apnea risks, blue light effects on melatonin, optimal sleep positions, and student strategies for better focus and exam success.Whether you're battling sleep deprivation, optimizing for cognitive enhancement, or seeking evidence-based sleep hacks, this episode delivers actionable insights to boost your physical, mental, and emotional resilience. Perfect for biohackers, students, professionals, and anyone chasing better rest.Subscribe for more science-driven discussions on health optimization, biotech, and performance. Like and comment your biggest sleep takeaway! #SleepScience #InsomniaTips #PeakPerformance #MentalHealth #SleepOptimizationDr. Michael Mak's profile: https://psychiatry.utoronto.ca/faculty/michael-makIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@InVivoPodcastIn Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

I spoke with Dr. Brandon Luu, an Internal medicine–trained Medical Doctor currently specializing in Respirology, as he breaks down the science behind creatine, nicotine, and binaural beats. Discover why these three are buzzing in fitness, cognitive enhancement, and sleep deprivation circles. From boosting muscle strength to enhancing focus during, Dr. Luu shares evidence-based insights and personal experiments he tried durring his 26 hr residency shifts. Learn how creatine supports ATP regeneration, why nicotine (in controlled forms like gum) might sharpen attention, and how binaural beats could improve memory by up to 30%. Plus, get practical tips for students and professionals on optimizing performance while prioritizing health. Don’t miss this deep dive into cutting-edge protocols for body and mind!Follow Dr. Luu’s evidence-based journey on X: https://x.com/BrandonLuuMDCheck out Dr. Luu's binaural beats Youtube page: https://www.youtube.com/@BrandonLuuMDDr. Luu's newsletter: https://brandonluumd.substack.comExperiment with making binaural beats: https://onlinetonegenerator.com/binauralbeats.html#biohacking #creatine #nicotine #binauralbeats #cognitivenhancement #sleepdeprivation #healthoptimization #performancetips #evidencedbased #medicalinsightsIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Dive into the science of flow states with Dr. David S. Rosen, a cognitive neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins’ Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research. Discover how to enter flow state through his groundbreaking research on jazz improvisation, revealing the neuroscience behind creativity and peak performance. Dr. Rosen, an accomplished musician and member of the band Outer States, shares insights from his EEG studies with jazz guitarists and explores the role of psychedelics in unlocking creative flow. Learn the secrets of flow state, from intrinsic motivation to letting go, and hear how his personal music journey shapes his work. #flowstate #neuroscience #JazzImprov#jazzimprovisation #Psychedelics #DrDavidRosen #OuterStates #CreativeFlow #JohnsHopkins #BrainScience #mindfulness Dr. Rosen's work at the CPCR: https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/rosenDr. Rosen's SciAm article: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/brain-scans-of-jazz-musicians-reveal-how-to-reach-a-creative-flow-state/Dr. Rosen's recent paper on jazz improve and flow state: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028393224000393?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=94e6cbf6580c36d1Dr. Rosen's band Outer States on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/artist/4ZjrmETURfs2idKO87mzZd?si=lTcDvpgVRfShvAI8USSnVwIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo#DarkMatter #TimeTravel #UAP #UFO #Physics #Cosmology #LuxZeplin #StephenHawking #ScienceExplained

In this episode, I speak with Dr. Matthew Szydagis, an experimental physicist at the University of Albany, as he dives into the mysteries of dark matter, time travel, and unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAPs). Discover how the Lux Zeplin experiment hunts for dark matter, the invisible "glue" holding the universe together, and explore groundbreaking ideas about time travel, including a mind-bending hypothesis on universe-correcting time loops. Dr. Szydagis also shares insights from his pioneering UAP research, featured in the documentary A Tear in the Sky, and discusses the scientific rigor behind studying UFOs. From Stephen Hawking’s Arrows of Time to the latest UAP findings, this conversation unravels the universe’s deepest secrets. Key Topics:Dark Matter: What is it, and why does it matter?Time Travel: Can we change the past without paradoxes?UAPs/UFOs: Scientific approaches to unexplained phenomenaLux Zeplin Experiment: Cutting-edge dark matter detectionStephen Hawking’s Arrows of Time: Cosmological, thermodynamic, and psychologicalLinks & Resources:Dr. Szydagis’s profile: https://www.albany.edu/physics/facult... Dr. Szydagis’s UAP Paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...Dr. Kevin Knuth's paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...Follow UAPx on X: https://x.com/UAPx2In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPv...In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast...In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4...#DarkMatter #TimeTravel #UAP #UFO #Physics #Cosmology #LuxZeplin #StephenHawking #ScienceExplained

Asteroids like Bennu might hold the secrets to life’s origins on Earth and beyond. Now, thanks to a daring NASA mission, we’ve got a pristine sample that could rewrite our cosmic story.In this episode of In Vivo, I sit down with Dr. Scott Sandford, a NASA astrophysicist and OSIRIS-REx team member, to discuss:• How Bennu’s amino acids and nucleobases hint at a universe primed for life• Why OSIRIS-REx’s 121-gram haul is a game-changer for astrobiology• What these findings reveal about life elsewhere in the universe• How this asteroid’s chemistry could shape humanity’s future in spaceJoin me for a vital conversation on asteroid science, life’s building blocks, and our place in the cosmos.- Check out Dr. Sandford’s NASA profile: https://www.nasa.gov/people/scott-sandford/- The OSIRIS-REx mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/osiris-rex/- The two recent papers which found amino acids and nucleobases on Bennu, as well as the evaporite sequence paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02472-9 and https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11779627/- The NASA Goddard Youtube page: https://www.youtube.com/@NASAGoddard- Credit: Astrum on Youtube: https://youtu.be/-A8X5oLdrCA?si=hvSjtm75l9f9M7-PIn Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo#osirisrex #asteroidbennu #panspermia #aminoacids #Nucleobases #SignsOfLife #lifeorigins #nasa #ScottSandford #astrobiology #SampleReturn #CosmicChemistry #ExtraterrestrialLife #spaceexploration #organiccompounds

Fungi shape our world in ways most people don’t realize—from medicine to food, and even in public health. But right now, one of the most important fungal research collections in the world is at risk of disappearing forever.In this episode of In Vivo, I sit down with Dr. James Scott, a leading mycologist and public health scientist, to discuss:- How fungi are essential to medicine, food, and science- Why the UAMH fungal biobank is facing an existential threat- How losing this collection could impact future scientific discoveries- What we can do to prevent this priceless archive from being lostJoin me for a crucial discussion on fungal science, public health, and what’s at stake.James Scott's: https://lmp.utoronto.ca/faculty/james-scottDr. James Scott on X: https://x.com/jscott_torontoDr. James Scott's private lab: http://www.sporometrics.com/Dr. James Scott's Mycology board game: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/588533030/mycology-the-board-game-of-foraging-for-fungiUAMH: https://www.uamh.ca/In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo#biodiversity

Can worms revolutionize medicine? Dr. Andrea Choe, CEO of Holoclara, is pioneering worm-derived molecules for human health. In this episode of In Vivo, we explore:- The surprising relationship between gut worms and the immune system- How worm-derived molecules could treat autoimmune diseases- Fascinating historical cases of humans coexisting with gut worms- The journey of Holoclara’s breakthrough drug into Phase 1 trialsDr. Choe explains the science of immunomodulation, the role of gut parasites in human health, and why modern medicine might be missing an evolutionary advantage.Listen in to uncover how gut worms could lead to the next wave of innovative treatments!Introduction and Congratulations - 00:02:12Background on Gut Worm Symbiosis - 00:02:51Journey into Worm Research - 00:03:09Historical Context of Gut Worms - 00:05:16Hypothesis on Immuno Modulation - 00:05:55Evolution of Gut Worms and Humans - 00:08:07Benefits of Gut Worms in Health - 00:09:26Public Perception and Black Market Treatments - 00:10:15Evidence for Immuno Modulation - 00:11:39Bio Prospecting with Worms vs. Rainforests - 00:15:54Molecule Selection for Human Trials - 00:16:53Challenges in Worm Research - 00:18:22Characteristics of Worm Researchers - 00:20:46Protein vs. Small Molecule Research - 00:22:40Philosophy of Staying Close to Nature - 00:26:13Reception of Worm-Derived Medicine in Biotech - 00:29:22Balancing Roles as PhD, MD, and Entrepreneur - 00:31:39Overview of Hola Clara - 00:33:06Leadership and Management Inspiration - 00:33:33Phase One Trials and Eosinophilic Esophagitis - 00:36:22Future Applications Beyond Current Trials - 00:39:01Navigating Research Biases - 00:40:44Regulatory Challenges with Worms - 00:43:04Timeline for Market Availability - 00:44:11Advice for Aspiring Scientist-Entrepreneurs - 00:45:19Personal Journey with Worm-Derived Medicine - 00:46:59Worm Atlas and Personalized Medicine - 00:48:01Ethical Considerations - 00:51:16Future Vision for Hola Clara - 00:52:19Closing Remarks - 00:53:11Holoclara website - https://www.holoclara.com/In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Is your body electric? In this episode of In Vivo, Sally Adee, author of We Are Electric, explores the hidden world of bioelectricity—the long-overlooked science that could revolutionize medicine, healing, and human health.Topics we cover:-The history of bioelectricity and its forgotten pioneers- How electricity controls healing, regeneration, and even cancer- The battle between Volta and Galvani that shaped modern science- How bioelectricity could be harnessed to control cells & organs- The DARPA experiment that changed Sally’s brain and perception- What bioelectric fences in bacteria can teach us about antibioticsAbout Sally Adee:Sally is an award-winning science journalist whose book We Are Electric reveals the fascinating world of bioelectricity—a field once dismissed as pseudoscience but now on the cutting edge of medicine.Listen in to explore how we might soon control life itself with electricity!Introduction to Bioelectricity as a Unifying Framework - 00:02:06Historical Context: Galvani and Volta - 00:03:22The Schism Between Biology and Electricity - 00:05:12Impact of the Patch Clamp on Bioelectricity Research - 00:13:27Electrical Identity of Cells - 00:20:45Electrical Properties of Different Cell Types - 00:21:13Bioelectricity in Cancer and Regeneration - 00:25:29Bioelectricity in Wound Healing - 00:29:44Bioelectricity in Development and Morphogenesis - 00:34:27Experience with DARPA and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation - 00:37:53Application of Bioelectricity in Agriculture - 00:54:44Bioelectricity Across Different Species - 00:59:47Takeaways from "We Are Electric" - 01:00:52Philosophical Implications and Optimism in Biology - 01:01:18The Role of Tools in Scientific Progress - 01:07:00Future Projects and Research Directions - 01:08:00Advice for Young Scientists - 01:09:01Closing Remarks and Future Conversations - 01:11:54Learn more about Sally Adee’s work here: https://www.sally80.com/We Are Electric on Amazon: https://www.amazon.ca/We-Are-Electric-200-Year-Bioelectric/dp/0306826631/ref=sr_1_1?dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.fMziYVNEsvLmvpBK7yT0KmdR0uPvrD2wFSk-BwrhEVg.4G7qQexFBuStQMfx1Ak2FdNKgCzk_k4IRuxLwRedN6A&dib_tag=se&hvadid=647377417347&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=9000956&hvnetw=g&hvqmt=e&hvrand=3319241274380986381&hvtargid=kwd-1935623510346&hydadcr=22461_13336686&keywords=we+are+electric+sally+adee&qid=1737060604&sr=8-1In Vivo on X - https://x.com/InVivoPodOnXIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Is bioelectricity the missing key to regeneration and healing? Dr. Michael Levin challenges the DNA-centric view of biology and reveals how bioelectric signals shape our bodies, direct cell behavior, and even influence cancer growth.Topics we cover:- Why bioelectricity, not just DNA, determines body shape- How cells communicate & self-organize without a genetic blueprint- The future of regenerative medicine & bioelectric healing- Why some animals can regenerate limbs—and why humans lost this ability- How bioelectricity could change the way we treat cancer- The philosophy of intelligence: Do cells "think" & make decisions?- How Michael Levin’s work could reshape AI, medicine, & our understanding of lifeAbout Dr. Michael Levin:Dr. Michael Levin is a biologist and bioelectricity pioneer whose research on cellular intelligence, limb regeneration, and morphogenesis is redefining how we understand life itself.Listen in to explore the next frontier of biology!• Introduction to Bioelectricity and Beyond the DNA-Centric Model - 00:02:36• Exploring Planaria and Its Unique Properties - 00:03:18• Regeneration and Holographic Information in Planaria - 00:06:33• Challenges in Transgenic Manipulation of Planaria - 00:10:26• Bioelectric Circuits as Software for Biological Hardware - 00:21:17• The Role of Bioelectricity in Morphogenesis - 00:24:07• Manipulating Bioelectric Patterns in Planaria - 00:28:35• The Philosophical Question of Information Storage in Biology - 00:30:42• Intelligence in Biological Systems - 00:37:08• The Evolution of Regeneration in Mammals - 00:42:08• Bioelectricity in Motile Cells - 00:44:39• Bioprinting and Bioelectricity in Tissue Engineering - 00:46:10• Current State of Bioelectric Research in Mammalian Tissues - 00:48:31• Bioelectric Approaches to Cancer Treatment - 00:51:45• Reconnecting Cancer Cells to Physiological Networks - 00:57:44• Advice for Students Interested in Bioelectricity Research - 00:59:27• Closing Remarks and Future Conversations - 01:01:22Dr. Levin's X page - https://x.com/drmichaellevinDr. Levin's lab - https://www.drmichaellevin.org/Dr. Levin's blog and photography - https://thoughtforms.life/Dr. Levin's advice to young scientists - https://thoughtforms.life/what-advice-do-i-give-to-my-students/ and https://thoughtforms.life/where-can-i-do-a-phd-in-bioelectricity-or-in-other-niche-topics/In Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002In Vivo on Apple Podcast - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/in-vivo/id1775578563In Vivo on Amazon Podcasts - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/1ac4dbec-df46-4d1f-b0a1-742e9656ef44/in-vivo

Can memories be inherited? In this episode of In Vivo, Dr. Oded Rechavi challenges long-held genetic dogma, revealing how RNA molecules, not just DNA, can store and transmit information across generations.Topics we cover:- How small RNAs bypass the Weismann barrier to transmit memory- Why our ancestors’ experiences might shape our biology- How C. elegans experiments reveal a hidden layer of inheritance- What this means for evolution, epigenetics & gene regulation- The controversial history of Lamarckian inheritance- Could RNA therapy redefine medicine, memory & disease treatment? About Dr. Oded Rechavi:Dr. Oded Rechavi is a leading researcher at Tel Aviv University, whose work on transgenerational inheritance has redefined how we think about heredity, memory, and the evolution of life itself.Listen in to explore the future of genetic inheritance and why RNA might be rewriting biology!Introduction to Inheritance Beyond DNA - 00:00:00The Weismann Barrier Explained - 00:03:56Weismann Barrier in Relation to Darwin's Evolution - 00:06:08Introduction to C. elegans and RNA Inheritance - 00:08:27RNA and Epigenetics: Challenging Traditional Inheritance - 00:09:10Mechanisms of RNA Transfer in C. elegans - 00:14:40Amplification and Persistence of RNA Across Generations - 00:15:56Example of RNA Memory in C. elegans Behavior - 00:19:47RNA's Role in Viral Immunity in C. elegans - 00:26:28RNAi and the Fight Against Genomic Parasites - 00:28:05Duration of RNA-Based Memory in Generations - 00:33:33Speculation on RNA Loss and Adaptation - 00:34:43Differences in RNA Transfer in Sperm vs. Egg - 00:38:34Time Frame for Environmental Stress to Affect Generations - 00:41:13Transgenerational Effects in More Complex Animals - 00:43:13Controversy Surrounding Transgenerational Epigenetics - 00:45:23The Dynamic and Fractal Nature of Cellular Information - 00:48:23Speculation on RNA Inheritance in Humans - 00:49:55Potential Applications of RNA Inheritance Research - 00:52:56Philosophical Implications of Inherited Memories - 00:54:36Scientific Communication Through Memes - 00:55:01Advice for Young Scientists - 00:57:27Closing Remarks - 01:00:00Dr. Rechavi's X page (the best science account on X) - https://x.com/OdedRechaviDr. Rechavi's lab - https://www.odedrechavilab.com/In Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002Introduction video attribution - The New York A

Can AI help prevent the next pandemic? Dr. Artem Babaian used computational biology to uncover 130,000 new RNA viruses in just 11 days, dramatically expanding our knowledge of viral diversity.In this episode of In Vivo, we explore:-How RNA viruses evolve & why they mutate so fast- The Serratus Project and its role in global viral surveillance- How AI, machine learning & cloud computing helped accelerate virus discovery- Why most viral genomes remain hidden in public databases- The importance of open-source science & big data in biology- How this research can help predict and prevent future pandemicsAbout Dr. Artem Babaian:Dr. Artem Babaian is a computational biologist and virologist who led the Serratus Project, a groundbreaking effort that used cloud computing to scan massive genetic databases for hidden viruses.Listen in to understand how AI and big data are reshaping virology and pandemic preparedness!Introduction to RNA and Its Evolutionary Significance - 00:02:28Explaining RNA's Role in Biology - 00:02:47The RNA World Hypothesis - 00:05:06Computational Biology and Its Impact - 00:07:05The Serratus Project: Origins and Goals - 00:09:56The Sequence Read Archive and Data Mining - 00:13:03Transition from Coronaviruses to All RNA Viruses - 00:20:22Methodology and Barcoding for Virus Discovery - 00:23:05The Scale of Virus Discovery with Serratus - 00:25:27Open Sourcing and Community Science - 00:27:07The Naming of Serratus - 00:30:23Future Predictions for Virus Discovery - 00:31:40Global Genomic Surveillance and Data Sharing - 00:33:07Implications of Discovering New RNA Viruses - 00:35:00The Role of AI in Virus Discovery - 00:37:30Using AlphaFold for Viral Protein Structure - 00:55:07RNA Modifications and Epi-transcriptomics - 01:00:38Philosophical Perspectives on Viruses and Life - 01:01:20Personal Journey and Inspirations - 01:10:02The Value of Diverse Training in Virology - 01:13:43The Role of Luck and Perseverance in Science - 01:16:00Job Market for Young Scientists - 01:18:56Qualities for Success in Computational Biology - 01:23:35Creativity and Resourcefulness in Science - 01:27:13How to Connect with the RNA Lab - 01:28:25Closing Remarks - 01:30:40Dr. Babaian's Lab - https://www.rnalab.ca/Dr. Babaian on X - https://x.com/RNA_LifeThe Serratus Project - https://serratus.ioIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002

Imagine a future where we can 3D print organs, heal spinal cord injuries, and test new drugs without animal models. That future is closer than you think.In this episode of In Vivo, Dr. Stephanie Willerth explains how bioprinting is transforming regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and personalized healthcare.Topics Covered:- How bioprinting works & how it differs from traditional 3D printing- The role of stem cells in regenerative medicine & personalized implants- How scientists are printing functional tissues & even organs- Why bioprinting could replace animal testing in drug discovery- The biggest challenges in scaling up bioprinted organs for transplantation- How bioprinted tissues could be used for disease modeling & personalized medicine- The future of biofabrication & clinical applications of 3D-printed tissuesAbout Dr. Stephanie Willerth:Dr. Stephanie Willerth is a professor at the University of Victoria and the CEO of Axolotl Biosciences, a leader in bioprinting innovation. Her work in tissue engineering, stem cells, and biomaterials is pushing the boundaries of modern medicine.Listen in to explore how 3D printing is reshaping medicine, from organ regeneration to personalized drug testing.Introduction to Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering - 00:00:00Defining Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering, and Bioprinting - 00:02:06Differences Between Traditional 3D Printing and Bioprinting - 00:03:57The Role of Bioprinting in Tissue Culture Evolution - 00:05:53Potential Applications of Bioprinting in Healthcare - 00:06:14Challenges of Bioprinting Complex Organs - 00:07:26The Importance of Stem Cells in Bioprinting - 00:09:42Engineering Stem Cells for Immune Compatibility - 01:10:40Bio Ink Definition and Function - 01:13:13Resolution in Tissue Printing - 01:13:53Differentiation of Stem Cells in Bioprinting - 01:14:56Current State and Future of Bioprinting - 01:17:24Bioprinting for Drug Screening and Disease Modeling - 01:18:24Predictive Health Applications with Bioprinted Tissues - 01:19:54Integration of Multiple Cell Types in Large Structures - 01:22:13Genetics vs. Scientist Intervention in Tissue Development - 01:24:23Monitoring and Assessing Printed Tissues - 01:26:22Easiest and Hardest Tissues to Print - 01:28:37Therapeutic Applications of Bioprinting in Hospitals - 01:32:07Synergy Between Bioprinting and Brain-Computer Interfaces - 01:37:40Bioprinting as a Tool for Testing and Development - 01:40:58The Viability of Bioprinted Food - 01:43:54Personal Journey into Bioprinting and Entrepreneurship - 01:46:17Transitioning from Academia to Industry - 01:49:19Future Adoption of Bioprinting in Medical Facilities - 01:54:24Advice for Students and Skills for Bioprinting - 01:57:49Open Source in Bioprinting and Ethical Concerns - 01:00:00Hopes for Bioprinting in the Next Decade - 01:03:02Contact Information and Lab Tours - 01:06:41Closing Remarks - 01:06:58Dr. Willerth's Lab - https://www.engr.uvic.ca/~willerth/Dr. Willerth on X - https://x.com/DrWillerthHandbook of Neural Engineering: A Modern Approac by Dr. Willerth - https://www.amazon.ca/Handbook-Neural-Engineering-Modern-Approach/dp/0323957307/ref=sr_1_1?crid=30T4ATSXUZ6YY&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.nZTnNzTx4HIbNNWts_LbPQ6ks7sEusaig1qrE5WKF6I.ziCXuQxYKY4ib7e9f7-Y3NJQm_XPMtUJhMHRbO9dkCU&dib_tag=se&keywords=stephanie+willerth&qid=1721329322&sprefix=stephanie+willerth%2Caps%2C86&sr=8-1Axolotl Biosciences - https://www.axolotlbiosciences.com/homeIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761&nd=1&dlsi=254f9f5e78194002Attributions:Cellink - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvqnGjmlGaAEngineers and Geoscientists BS - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qtKB0BFLy2w&t=1s

Dr. Chris Mason, NASA scientist and author of The Next 500 Years, is leading efforts to engineer human life for space travel and planetary colonization. From the Twin Study with Scott and Mark Kelly to genetic modifications for radiation resistance, this episode explores how biotechnology, genomics, and spaceflight will shape the future of our species.Topics Covered:- How genetics can help humans survive radiation & microgravity- The NASA Twin Study & what spaceflight does to the human body- How gene editing & CRISPR could prepare astronauts for Mars- The challenges of long-term space travel & planetary colonization- Why synthetic biology and microbiome engineering are key to survival- The ethical dilemmas of human genetic engineering for space- What life in space, on Mars, and beyond could look likeAbout Dr. Chris Mason:Dr. Chris Mason is a geneticist, computational biologist, and professor at Weill Cornell Medicine. He has worked extensively with NASA on space biology, including the NASA Twin Study, SpaceX collaborations, and Artemis missions. His book The Next 500 Years presents a bold plan for making humans a multi-planetary species. Listen in to explore the frontiers of genetics, space travel, and the future of humanity.Introduction to Space Exploration and Multi-Planetary Existence - 00:00:00The Role of Biology in Future Space Missions - 00:00:44The Ten Phase Plan for Engineering Life for Space - 00:01:11Ethical Responsibilities and the Book's Dedication - 00:02:01Origin of the Book and Early Thoughts on Space Exploration - 00:04:23Humanity's Drive to Explore and the Urgency of Space Travel - 00:06:42Phase One: Understanding the Human Genome - The Twin Study - 00:07:26Surprising Findings from the Twin Study - 00:08:09Immediate Telomere Elongation in Space - 00:11:03Practical Applications from Space Biology Research - 00:12:08Challenges and Innovations in Space PCR - 00:14:57Phase Two: Preliminary Genome Engineering - 00:16:48Advancements in Genome Editing Technologies - 00:17:19Long-Term Trials and Intergenerational Studies - 00:19:07Somatic vs. Germline Editing in Space Context - 00:20:11Future Phases: Synthetic Biology and Exoplanet Exploration - 00:22:15The Ultimate Goal: Multi-Planetary Societies - 00:22:32Generation Ships and Philosophical Considerations - 00:24:09Comparing Phase Ten with Kardashev Scale Achievements - 00:25:05Space Exploration Without Genetic Engineering - 00:27:44Engineering Organisms for Space Survival - 00:29:14The Extreme Microbiome Project - 00:30:45Philosophical Reflections on Humanity and Genetic Engineering - 00:32:15Concepts of Cellular, Molecular, and Planetary Liberty - 00:34:23Health Implications of Spacewalks - 00:37:21Artemis Missions and Future Lunar Studies - 00:38:42Planetary Protection and Contamination Concerns - 00:39:38Science Fiction Influences on Future Visions - 00:41:35Personal Motivations and the Fragility of Life - 00:44:10De-Extinction Efforts: The Colossus Project - 00:45:53Considering Alternative Nucleotides in Alien Life - 00:48:07Advice for Young Scientists - 00:49:26Resources for Engaging with Space Genetics - 00:52:13Closing Remarks - 00:52:40Dr. Mason's Lab - https://www.masonlab.net/NASA GeneLab - https://genelab.nasa.gov/Dr. Andy Feinberg pipetting in microgravity - https://youtu.be/FKoqqJi3-k4?si=TOvc_t-fpTxuYhHo&t=1148Attributions:SpaceX - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97GOcZ08tc4Thermo Fisher Scientific - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Y2WqSdDHyo&t=18sIn Vivo on Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5GBvPPvSx52O6ILuam4LoX?si=6c903566ae7b4761

Publishing research isn’t enough—science needs great storytelling.Dr. Tullio Rossi, founder of Animate Your Science, has transformed the way scientists communicate by turning complex research into engaging visual narratives.Topics Covered:Why scientists must communicate their work beyond academic journalsThe power of visual storytelling in making science accessibleHow AI is transforming scientific communication & content creationThe role of graphics, video abstracts & animations in research visibilityHow to balance creativity and accuracy in scientific visualsWhy science storytelling is essential for funding, public trust & impactCareer opportunities in science communication & visual mediaAbout Dr. Tullio Rossi:Dr. Tullio Rossi is a marine biologist turned science communication expert. He founded Animate Your Science, a company dedicated to making scientific research engaging through animations and visuals. His work has been internationally recognized for bridging the gap between researchers and the public.Listen in to learn how scientists can make their research more impactful and accessible.Introduction to Science Communication and Visual Storytelling - 00:00:00The Journey to Founding Animate Your Science - 00:02:16Merging Art and Science: The Misconception of Creativity in Science - 00:07:17The Power of Visuals in Communicating Science - 00:08:49Storytelling in Science: The "And But Therefore" Structure - 00:10:13Humanizing Scientific Subjects for Broader Impact - 00:16:16The Animation Process at Animate Your Science - 00:18:24Team Composition: Scientists and Artists Collaborating - 00:20:56Historical Examples of Visual Scientific Communication - 00:22:23The Role of AI in Graphic Design for Science - 00:24:49Challenges and Opportunities with AI in Visual Science - 00:27:14Legal Considerations with AI-Generated Content - 00:30:30Leonardo Da Vinci's Potential Views on Modern Science Communication - 00:34:08Career Opportunities in Science Visual Communication - 00:35:56Advice for Aspiring Science Graphic Designers - 00:38:26Building a Portfolio and Gaining Recognition - 00:42:11Soft Skills Essential for Success in Science Communication - 00:43:53Personal Growth Through Public Speaking and Comfort Zone Challenges - 00:45:03Transition from Freelancer to Business Owner - 00:49:36Final Words of Wisdom for Graduating Scientists - 00:54:06Where to Find More Information on Animate Your Science - 00:55:44Closing Remarks - 00:56:07Dr. Tullio Rossi's LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/tulliorossi/

Beer is more than just a drink—it’s a scientific masterpiece.Dr. Charlie Bamforth, known as the "Pope of Foam," is a world-renowned expert in brewing science, beer chemistry, and fermentation biotechnology. In this episode of In Vivo, we dive deep into:Topics Covered:- How beer helped shape civilization & early biotechnology- The science of foam, fermentation & yeast evolution- How brewers mastered the process without understanding the science- The role of yeast, hops, water chemistry & enzymes in brewing- The impact of biotechnology on modern brewing & genetic engineering of yeast- The truth about beer’s health effects & hydration debate- The future of craft brewing, lager yeast & genetically modified beer- Career opportunities in biotechnology & brewing scienceAbout Dr. Charlie Bamforth:Dr. Charlie Bamforth is a Professor Emeritus at UC Davis, a senior quality advisor at Sierra Nevada Brewing, and a global expert on beer science, fermentation, and brewing chemistry. His research has revolutionized how beer is made, improving foam stability, flavor, and production efficiency.Listen in to discover the fascinating science behind your favorite drink!Introduction to Beer and Biotechnology - 00:00:00The Historical Significance of Beer in Civilization - 00:00:37Mastering Brewing Without Understanding Science - 00:03:07Decoction Mashing: A Historical Brewing Technique - 00:03:34The Taste and Perception of Ancient Beers - 00:08:23Health Benefits and Controversies of Beer - 00:13:08Technological Advancements in Brewing - 00:17:52Refrigeration and Pure Yeast Cultures Impact - 00:18:20Modern Biotechnology in Brewing: Genetic Modification - 00:20:32Genetically Modified Yeast for Flavor and Efficiency - 00:22:22Availability of Yeast and Its Impact on Home Brewing - 00:27:17The Science of Malting and Its Importance - 00:31:27Brewing as a Microcosm for Teaching Biotechnology - 00:38:11The Intersection of Beer and Science in Bamforth's Career - 00:41:42The German Beer Purity Law and Its Relevance - 00:44:23Job Opportunities in Brewing for Biotechnologists - 00:46:47Fun Beer Style Associations - 00:50:48Choosing a Beer for an Alien Civilization - 00:52:22Advice for Young Biotechnologists Interested in Brewing - 00:53:16Closing Remarks - 00:53:44Dr. Bamforth at Sierra Nevada Brewing – https://sierranevada.com/blog/a-brewers-alphabet/meet-charlie-bamforth-the-pope-of-foamCheck out ‘Beer: Tap Into the Art and Science of Brewing’ by Dr. Bamforth - https://www.amazon.ca/dp/0199996741?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_detailsDr. Bamforth’s Wiki page - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_BamforthDr. Bamforth's Lab - https://bamforth.faculty.ucdavis.edu/#primary

Many students grapple with a challenging paradox: breaking into the biotech industry without any practical experience outside of their academic achievements. In today's discussion, we're exploring this dilemma with an individual who has successfully navigated this path. Joining us is Tatiana Nazarova, a Quality Control Scientist at a leading-edge pharmaceutical lab that specializes in the development of cannabis-derived molecules. With her fresh perspective and recent journey from academia to industry, Tatiana represents the voice a new generation in biotechnology — those who are directly transitioning from their studies and into the exciting world of professional biotech. In this interview, we discuss the expectations versus reality of working in a biotech lab, navigating the job market fresh out of school, and the invaluable lessons learned along the way. Tatiana shares her insights into the hiring process, the skills and attributes that are truly in demand within the industry, and advice for students on the cusp of graduation. So, whether you’re a student looking to break into the biotech industry or an educator guiding the next generation, Tatiana’s journey offers something for everyone.

Today I’m sitting down with Dr. Randy Peterson to discuss the evolution of biotechnology over the years, and what the future has in store. Randy worked as research scientist in academia and in an industry before moving into the commercialization aspect of biotechnology. Today he is a professor in McMaster University’s graduate Entrepreneurship and an intellectual property and commercialization mentor at IP Ontario. Randy’s journey through the industry offers us a unique perspective on the intersection between scientific advancement, intellectual property and commercialization. Randy has a keen passion for motivating young biotechnologists to consider business and entrepreneurship in an age where access to information is seemingly limitless and opportunities are abundant.

Today we’re sitting down with Dr. Peter Azmi. He’s an entrepreneur, scientist, artist, educator and ultimately a professional problem solver. He holds a Masters and PhD in cancer medicine from the University of Toronto and is a visiting professor of Business Innovation at the Monterrey Center for Higher Learning of Design, in Monterey Mexico. Dr. Azmi is a business innovation and biotechnology specialist and has worked extensively in the life sciences and biotechnology sectors, helping launch multiple biotech startups along the way. He has been involved in entrepreneurship, innovation and scientific R&D for over 20 years and has seen the challenges within the industry first-hand. Currently, he leads i+ Business Development Studios, an innovation strategy and business development agency. Dr. Azmi also teaches entrepreneurship and innovation to students around the world, helping the next generation understand stakeholder-centric principles of business design and strategy. If you’ve ever wondered what goes into turning an idea into an invention and then into business, this is the episode for you. Learn more about Dr. Peter Azmi's entrepreneurial work here: https://innovatingbd.com/

The following is a conversation with Mingyang Sun, a scientist, entrepreneur and former classmate of mine at York University. There, he completed a masters in molecular biology and then a masters of business administration at the UBC Sauder school of business. Ming has worn many hats during his career in the biotech industry, ascending the ladder from lab manager, to product developer, then vice president of a Cannabis startup and now CEO of Bioboost Synbio. His current ventures seek to develop plant-based sanitizers and pesticides for the agriculture industry. He’s also using synthetic biology to produce a variety of biosynthesized molecules via yeast fermentation. There are few biotechnologists that have seen the industry from so many perspectives in such a short period of time. His journey is inspiring and he has many lessons to share. So I’m excited to sit down with Ming to discuss the in’s and out’s of the industry, the hurdles and challenges of biomanufacturing as well as the exciting future that these technologies promise. Learn more about Mingyang's biotech companies here: https://www.bioboostsynbio.com/ and here: https://www.naturerecombined.com/

Today I’m speaking with Dr. Gregory Anderson, one of the founding professors of the Biotechnology program at Georgian College and a staunch advocate for developing research programs at his institute. He joined the faculty in 2015 after spending 12 years as a Researcher at both Sunnybrook and Sick Kids Hospital in Toronto. While there, his research focused on using high-resolution, high-throughput physics imaging techniques to try to understand the roles that various genes played in the development of the cardiovascular system and ultimately their contribution to the development of cardiovascular disease. This work required the collaboration of various scientific teams from around the world, which helped foster in Dr. Anderson the idea that truly great research cannot be done without great teamwork skills. Dr. Anderson holds both an MSc and a PhD degree from the University of Toronto in Medical Biophysics, as well as a BSc from the University of Waterloo in Biology and Chemistry. Dr. Anderson is well versed in the scientific method, as he’s published 13 peer-reviewed papers on his research, most recently in 2020. Today, Dr. Anderson continues to contribute to research at Georgian College as the Research Lead for Health and Wellness Sciences.

Today I sit down with Dr. Monty Gill, a lecturer at the University of Guelph-Humber, one of the finest research scientists that I’ve known and my favorite person to talk science with. He completed a PhD in Molecular Genetics at the University of Toronto, followed by postdoctoral fellowships at the Amgen research institute, Ontario Institute for Cancer research and the Lunenfeld research institute. Dr. Gill then transitioned into a Research Associate role at York University, where I had the pleasure of working with him and learning from him. As a scientist, he focused on several signaling pathways including the regulation of the Retinoblastoma gene, telomerase activity control, RNA interference in insulin signaling and AKT targeting of cell cycle proteins. His respect and mastery of the scientific method is matched by few, and is built on a foundation of tens of thousands of hours spent in molecular biology labs, resulting in over 20 publications to his name. Today he lectures in the kinesiology department at the University of Guelph Humber, where he continues to impart his endless well of knowledge on up and coming scientists.

Today we’re sitting down with Dr. Kerry Bowman, a prominent Canadian bioethicist and conservationist. He’s currently a professor at the University of Toronto's Dalla Lana School of Public Health and once served as a clinical ethicist at Mt. Sinai hospital and Sunnybrook health Sciences centre. Dr. Bowman is the president and founder of The Canadian Ape Alliance, a member of the Board of Directors of The Jane Goodall Institute and works with the UNEP. Throughout his career, Dr. Kerry Bowman has been deeply involved in addressing complex ethical issues arising from advances in biotechnology, genomics, and healthcare. He is known for his insightful contributions to the ethical debates surrounding topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproductive technologies, and organ transplantation. And in fact, you may have seen him as a contributor on these topics on various international news stations. Additionally, his expertise extends to exploring ethical concerns related to global health and environmental health. He works in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo as a conservationist working to help protect the great apes of Africa. He frequently consults internationally on conservation issues in various parts of Africa, as well as India, Indonesia, Brazil and Iran. Dr. Bowman has consulted for the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta on research exploring the link between the hunting of great apes and the transmission of retroviruses such as HIV. More recently, Dr. Bowman has been spending time in the western Amazon where he studies uncontacted tribes and seeks to expand our knowledge on the interplay between biodiversity and global health. Learn more about Dr. Kerry Bowman's conservation work here: https://forestandhealth.org/