PODCAST · education
International Economics
by Martin Mboya
Ever since 19th-century economists put forth their theories of international economics, the subject has consisted of two distinct but connected parts: (1) the “pure theory of international trade,” which seeks to account for the gains obtained from trade and to explain how these gains are distributed among countries, and (2) the “theory of balance-of-payments adjustments,” which analyzes the workings of the foreign exchange market, the effects of alterations in the exchange rate of a currency, and the relations between the balance of payments and level of economic activity.
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Introduction
In modern times, the Ricardian pure theory of international trade was reformulated by American economist Paul Samuelson, improving on the earlier work of two Swedish economists, Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin. The so-called Heckscher-Ohlin theory explains the pattern of international trade as determined by the relative land, labour, and capital endowments of countries: a country will tend to have a relative cost advantage when producing goods that maximize the use of its relatively abundant factors of production (thus countries with cheap labour are best suited to export products that require significant amounts of labour).
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ABOUT THIS SHOW
Ever since 19th-century economists put forth their theories of international economics, the subject has consisted of two distinct but connected parts: (1) the “pure theory of international trade,” which seeks to account for the gains obtained from trade and to explain how these gains are distributed among countries, and (2) the “theory of balance-of-payments adjustments,” which analyzes the workings of the foreign exchange market, the effects of alterations in the exchange rate of a currency, and the relations between the balance of payments and level of economic activity.
HOSTED BY
Martin Mboya
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