VJNeurology Podcast

This episode of the VJNeurology Podcast showcases key trial updates from the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL. Highlights include orexin receptor agonists for narcolepsy, AMT‑130 in Huntington’s disease, ulixacaltamide for essential tremor, ecopipam for Tourette’s, novel headache agents, and more. Featuring Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, Bruce Corser, MD, FAASM, Intrepid Research, Cincinnati, OH, Victor Sung, MD, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, Kinga Tomczak, MD, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, Peter Goadsby, MD, PhD, DSc King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, Amy Waldman, MD, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, Patricia Coyle, MD, Stony Brook Medicine, Lake Grove, NY, Defne Amado, MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, and Jill Farmer, DO, MPH, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA. 

This episode of the VJNeurology Podcast features a discussion with Prof. Karen Spruyt, PhD, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, NeuroDiderot, Paris, on pediatric sleep disturbances. Prof. Spruyt shares her expert perspectives on the impact of sleep disturbances in children, how to screen for these disturbances, and ongoing research in the field.

This episode focuses on key updates in multiple sclerosis (MS) research from the 11th Annual Americas Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ACTRIMS) Forum. We begin with key trial updates, including the FENtrepid (NCT04544449) and MoonStone (NCT06564311) results presented by Amit Bar-Or, MD, FRCPC, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Le Hanh Hua, MD, Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas, NV, then discusses a secondary analysis of the OLIKOS study (NCT04486716), and Jeffrey Cohen, MD, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, introduces the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.   Novel technologies are discussed by Gianmarco Bellucci, MD, PhD, University of California, San Francisco, CA, Raphael Schneider, MD, PhD, FRCPC, CIP, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada, and Valentina Fossati, PhD, The Jackson Laboratory, New York, NY. Finally, Gary Cutter, MS, PhD, UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, shares the limitations of using brain atrophy measured by MRI as a clinical trial endpoint, and Dalia Rotstein, MD, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, discusses a study that found that MS onset precedes EBV infection in some cases.

In this episode of the VJNeurology podcast, we are joined by Prof. Mona Nada, MBBCh, MD, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, to discuss updates in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cluster headache. Cluster headache is a rare but devastating primary headache disorder, often described as one of the most severe pain conditions in medicine. Characterized by recurrent attacks of severe unilateral head pain, accompanied by autonomic symptoms such as lacrimation and nasal congestion, it has a profound impact on patients’ quality of life. Despite this, cluster headache remains under-recognised and challenging to treat, making ongoing research and expert clinical insight essential.

This episode of the VJNeurology Podcast focuses on the impact of climate change and temperature fluctuations on the management of epilepsy. Anita Arsovska, MD, PhD, University “Ss Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, North Macedonia, and Medine Gulcebi Idriz Oglu, MD, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, delve into the effects of rising temperatures on seizure frequency, the supply chains of anti-seizure medication, the stability of anti-seizure medication, and adverse reactions to medication.

In this episode of the VJNeurology Podcast, Jeffrey Dunn, MD, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, shares insights from a Phase I trial (NCT06138132) of CAR T-cell therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). CAR T-cell therapy is a form of adoptive cell transfer that has revolutionized hematologic oncology and is now being investigated as a targeted immunotherapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases such as MS. Prof. Dunn will delve into the mechanism of action of CAR-T in MS and share findings from the trial.

In this episode of the VJNeurology Podcast, we’re joined by Krystof Bankiewicz, MD, PhD, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, to explore the evolving role of gene therapy in Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders. Dr Bankiewicz provides an insightful overview of gene therapies currently in clinical development, highlighting emerging efficacy and safety data from ongoing trials. He also delves into the selection of appropriate candidates for these treatments and discusses how close we are to translating these advances into routine clinical care.

In this podcast episode, leading experts Kara Melmed (NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY) and Chitra Venkatasubramanian (Stanford University, Stanford, CA) debate blood pressure targets in ICH, focusing on the key question: how low should we go? They discuss the pathophysiological background for lowering blood pressure in ICH, key trial evidence, selecting between agents, and give advice for practicing clinicians.

Welcome to today's podcast, which focuses on the understanding and management of rare brain disorders. This episode, in honor of Rare Disease Day, delves into a variety of rare neurological conditions, including adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP), phenylketonuria (PKU), cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct (CADASIL), succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD), and rare epilepsies. This podcast features Zbigniew Wszolek, MD, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, Bernadette Sheehan Gilroy, PhD candidate and rare disease advocate, Munster Technological University, Kerry, Ireland, Elisa Ferrante, PhD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Christian Brandt, MD, Bielefeld University Medical School, Bielefeld, Germany, Simona Balestrini, MD, PhD, University College London, London, UK, and Henry Lee, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA.

The 2024 revision of the McDonald diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) was recently presented at the 40th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS 2024). Key updates include the recognition of optic nerve lesions, the incorporation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kappa-free light chains as a diagnostic biomarker, and the addition of central vein sign (CVS) and paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) as imaging markers. This podcast features experts Marcello Moccia, MD, PhD, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy, Serena Borrelli, MD, Université catholique de Louvain & Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Brussels, Brussels, Belgium, Celia Oreja-Guevara, MD, PhD, University Hospital San Carlos, Madrid, Spain, and Giancarlo Comi, MD, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, who discuss the updates. They delve into the diagnostic value of CVS, PRLs, and optic nerve lesions, and speak about the implementation of these new guidelines into clinical practice.

Dopaminergic medications have been widely used in the treatment of restless legs syndrome (RLS), where they are effective at reducing symptoms in the short term. However, long-term use of these agents has been associated with augmentation, a worsening of symptoms over time or earlier in the day. This phenomenon has led to a shift in treatment recommendations, favoring non-dopaminergic options as first-line therapies. This podcast brings you updates on managing augmentation in RLS from Sleep Europe 2024, which took place in Seville, Spain. You will hear from experts Celia Garcia-Malo, MD, PhD, Centro Integral de Sueño y Neurociencias CISNe, Madrid, Spain, Diego Garcia-Borreguero, MD, PhD, Sleep Research Institute, Madrid, Spain, and Ambra Stefani, MD, PhD, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. They delve into the role of dopaminergic agonists in the treatment of RLS and how augmentation can develop. They suggest various alternative therapies, give advice for terminating dopaminergic agents, and provide updates on guidelines regarding the use of dopaminergic therapies. 

In recent years, genetic therapies have garnered much attention for their potential to modify the underlying pathological processes in neurological diseases. By correcting, replacing, or removing aberrant genetic material, gene therapies could revolutionize the treatment of many diseases, where symptomatic management is the only available option. Examples of gene therapy methods include the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technologies to directly edit genetic mutations, vector-based gene therapy to deliver new genetic material, and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to modulate gene expression. The success of gene therapy in treating diseases like spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has paved the way for similar approaches in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with several groundbreaking clinical trials taking place in recent years.  In this podcast, we are joined by leading neurologist Prof. Dame Pamela Shaw who will share her insights into the progress in genetic therapies for ALS and explain the challenges being faced, offering a glimpse into the future ALS therapy landscape. With Prof. Dame Pamela Shaw, DBE, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FMedSci, FAAN, FANA, FAAAS, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

In this episode, we delve into the complexities of managing status epilepticus, particularly the refractory stages that resist initial treatments. Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency that requires prompt medical intervention to prevent significant morbidity and mortality. Despite aggressive treatment, some cases do not respond to initial lines of therapy. Refractory and super refractory status epilepticus pose significant treatment challenges and carry high risks, including neuronal injury, long-term neurological deficits, and increased mortality.  Tune in to learn more about the approaches to refractory and super refractory status epilepticus management, novel strategies that are gaining traction, unique considerations in the pediatric population, and new research looking at biomarkers in new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) to predict short- and long-term outcomes. With Clio Rubinos, MD, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Maria Roberta Cilio, MD, PhD, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and Aurelie Hanin, PharmD, PhD, Yale University, New Haven, CT.

Welcome to this episode of the VJ Sounds Podcast, brought to you by the Video Journal of Neurology (VJNeurology). In this podcast, we discuss the important subject of medication overuse headache (MOH). Discover insights into key debates in the field from renowned experts, Prof. Sait Ashina from Harvard Medical School, Prof. Morris Levin from the University of California, San Francisco, Alan Rappaport, University of California, Los Angeles, and Licia Grazzi, Fondazione IRRCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta.

The latest guidelines recommend endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) as the gold standard treatment approach for eligible patients with an acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, but there is currently no robust randomized control data supporting its routine use in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) strokes.   In this podcast, stroke experts delve into current uncertainties surrounding the management of small- and medium-vessel strokes, namely optimal detection and treatment strategies. They discuss current guidelines, key debates, and ongoing randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy of EVT in MeVO stroke. With Johanna Ospel, MD, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Nishita Singh, MD, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Jan Gralla, MD, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.  

Welcome to our latest episode of the Video Journal of Neurology podcast where we explore the rapidly evolving world of precision medicine within the field of epilepsy. In this episode, we delve into how our emerging understanding of genetic factors is reshaping our knowledge of epilepsy syndromes, shedding light on personalized treatment strategies. Join us as Guido Rubboli, MD; Simona Balestrini, MD, PhD; Reetta Kälviäinen, MD, PhD; and Kristen Park, MD, share their invaluable perspectives on the cutting-edge advancements in precision medicine for epilepsy. Together, they unravel key advances, including the use of pharmacogenomics for decision making, the development of gene therapies, and the role of gene modifiers in phenotypic expression. We hope you enjoy listening and find this episode useful.

Cluster headache, a rare and severe headache disorder, represents the most common trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia. Due to its rarity and often refractory nature, management can be challenging. In this episode, leading experts delve into acute and preventive treatment strategies for cluster headache. Emerging therapies are also discussed, including psilocybin and CGRP-targeted agents.

In this podcast, key opinion leaders Hans Lassman, MD, Medical University of Vienna; Vyanka Redenbaugh, MD, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Torge Rempe, MD, PhD, University of Florida College of Medicine; and Kazuo Fujihara, MD, PhD, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, give a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape in MOGAD, including its differentiation from MS, diagnostic techniques, predictors of relapse, and an ongoing clinical trial investigating an interleukin-6 targeted monoclonal antibody in the treatment of relapsing MOGAD.

In this podcast, Tiago Outeiro, PhD, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Chia-Chun Chiang, MD, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Daniel Goldenholz, MD, PhD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, engage in a thought-provoking discussion on the latest developments in AI application. They explore how AI's predictive capabilities could revolutionize basic science, its potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of headache disorders, and the current and prospective uses of AI across different fields of neurology. Join us in this exciting exploration of AI's potential to reshape neurology, its existing successes, and the exciting opportunities it holds for the future.

Neurologists and researchers are increasingly harnessing the power of wearables to gather real-time, high-quality data about patients' neurological conditions. We are joined by leading neurology experts who will share their insights into the diverse applications of wearables in the fields of epilepsy, movement disorders, multiple sclerosis and sleep disorders, offering a glimpse into the future of neurology.

The causative nature of alpha-synuclein (ɑ-syn) accumulation in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology has been a subject of debate among researchers, ever since its identification in Lewy bodies. In this episode, experts discuss our current understanding of the role of ɑ-syn in PD, as well as the possibility that the loss of normal ɑ-syn function may be more relevant than the accumulation of insoluble ɑ-syn. We will hear from researchers working to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of PD, with the exciting development of novel ɑ-syn-PET tracers and seed amplification assays that can detect early PD with high sensitivity and specificity.

Biomarker development and discovery have been an important point in multiple sclerosis (MS) research for many years. In this podcast, Elias Sotirchos, MD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Ferhan Qureshi, VP – Biomarker Product Development, Octave, Menlo Park, CA; and Shane Arsenault, MD, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Canada, discuss recent updates on the development and validation of biomarkers that can predict disability progression, monitor ongoing disease activity, and assess treatment response.

In this episode, key opinion leaders debate the value of bridging therapy for endovascular thrombectomy following recent reports from several large scale randomized controlled trials. What evidence do we have and what is the best way forward?  With Manon Kappelhof, Johannes Kaesmacher, Urs Fischer, Yvo B. Roos, and Thanh Nguyen.

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder of rapid onset eye movement (REM) sleep, affecting the sleep-wake cycle in the brain. It is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, uncontrollable sleep attacks, and sleep fragmentation and is often associated with cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. In this week’s podcast, Claudio Bassetti, MD, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD, Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences, Palo Alto, CA; and Kiran Maski, MD, MPH, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, discuss current understanding of narcolepsy and the potential for future treatment interventions. 

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, and thus far, only efficacious symptomatic treatments have been developed, with PD remaining a progressive disease without a cure. In this week’s podcast Milton Werner, PhD, Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc., Atlanta, GA; Daniel Otzen, PhD, Aarhus University,  Aarhus, Denmark; Charbel Moussa, MBBS, PhD,  Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.; and Serge Przedborski, MD, PhD, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, discuss novel treatment approaches under investigation for PD.

Headaches in children and adolescents have high incidence and prevalence rates, significantly impacting the quality of life and ability to function in academic and social activities. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine and their diagnosis and treatment have seen remarkable progress over the last years. However, this information comes mainly from studies conducted among adults. In this episode, Serena Orr, MD, MS, FAHS, The University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and Massimiliano Valeriani, MD, PhD, Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy, discuss the current state of pediatric migraine management, including challenges in pediatric research, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions available for pediatric patients and the impact of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with migraine.

New research in rodent models of generalized epilepsy has demonstrated that absence seizures, or brief, sudden lapses of consciousness, can cause abnormal changes in myelin plasticity, maladaptively leading to progressively more seizures. In this podcast we spoke to Juliet Knowles, MD, PhD, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, about the research which led to this discovery and the implications this could have on not just epilepsy treatment, but the treatment of other neurological disorders as well.

In this episode, leading experts Tadeusz Hawrot, Psychedelic Access and Research European Alliance (PAREA); and Ellen James, PhD, Director of Research and Development, Small Pharma, London, UK, discuss new research into psychedelic-assisted therapies and how the views surrounding psychedelics within the medical field are evolving.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are chronic conditions of the central nervous system, predominantly affecting women of childbearing age. Hence pregnancy planning is significant in patients with MS and NMOSD. In this podcast, Melinda Magyari, MD, PhD, The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Eva Kubala Havrdová, MD, PhD, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czechia; and Celia Oreja-Guevara, MD, PhD, University Hospital San Carlos, Madrid, Spain, will review the current treatment guidelines for MS and NMOSD treatment during pregnancy and discuss results from recent studies looking at pregnancy and infant outcomes.

In this podcast, stroke experts discuss the latest updates in recanalization therapy in acute ischemic stroke, highlighting the major debates that have the potential to change clinical practice. Both the value of bridging intravenous thrombolysis and the assessment of intra-arterial thrombolysis after endovascular therapy to improve restoration of microcirculation are discussed. With Urs Fischer, MD, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Yvo B. Roos, MD, PhD, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Adnan Qureshi, MD, University of Missouri-Columbia, School of Medicine, Columbia, MI.

In this podcast, Sergio Baranzini, PhD, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, discusses our current knowledge of the etiology of MS, the future of genetic studies, and interesting new findings regarding disease progression and the role of the gut microbiome.

In this week’s episode, specialists in the Huntington's disease (HD) field discuss the details of major ongoing studies and give an insight into the implications that their research could have for disease modification and quality of life in HD. The novel agents up for discussion this week are: SAGE-718, a first-in-class oral positive allosteric modulator of NMDAR; pridopidine, an oral sigma-1 receptor agonist; PTC518, an oral RNA splicing modifier; and ANX005, an antibody targeting C1q.

In this podcast, Sanjay Pandey, MD, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India; Carlo Colosimo, MD, FEAN, Santa Maria University Hospital, Terni, Italy; and Marcelo Kauffman, MD, PhD, Hospital JM Ramos Mejia, Buenos Aires, Argentina, will discuss the latest updates in the classification and management of hyperkinetic movement disorders, including iatrogenic disorders, and will also cover the emerging role of genetic testing.

Cenobamate was approved by the FDA in 2019 and the EMA in 2021 for the adjunctive treatment of focal-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization in adult patients. Following its approval, studies have continued to further investigate long-term safety and effectiveness. In this podcast, William E. Rosenfeld and Pavel Klein share new data from open-label extensions and subgroup analyses, as well as practical recommendations for its use in clinical practice.

In this episode, Serge Przedborski, MD, PhD, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Marina Romero-Ramos, PhD, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and Tiago Outeiro, PhD, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, discuss novel findings and topics of interest that may lead to the identification of targets for therapeutic interventions in movement disorders.

In this podcast, Matthew Kiernan, MBBS, PhD, DSc, FRACP, FAHMS, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and Nigel Leigh, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, FAAN, FMedSci, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, discuss crucial developments in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ALS, strategies to improve diagnosis and outline the pipeline of late-stage therapeutic options for patients with ALS.

In this podcast, experts discuss the current controversies surrounding the application of endovascular thrombectomy in stroke management and present developments in research regarding patient selection and broadening thrombectomy utilization.

In this episode, James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, discusses the results from the open-label extensions of the CHAMPION MG trial (NCT03920293) of ravulizumab and of the ADAPT trial (NCT03770403) that served as a basis for the FDA approval of efgartigimod. The current and future role of complement inhibitor therapy and the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to optimize the management of myasthenia gravis are also discussed.

Experts discuss novel imaging biomarkers in multiple sclerosis and efforts to drive these tools into clinical practice. Jaume Sastre-Garriga, MD, PhD; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona; Pascal Sati, PhD, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Letizia Leocani, MD, PhD, Scientific Institute Vita-Salute University San Raffaele, Milan; and Alberto Calvi, MD, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, introduce their state-of-the-art research and share insights on what's to come.

Epilepsy specialists talk on the care of women with epilepsy before, during, and after pregnancy, highlighting what they do in their own practice and commenting on new data regarding folic acid, breastfeeding safety, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with prenatal anti-seizure medication exposure. Hear exclusively from Marte-Helene Bjork, MD, PhD, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway; Bruna Nucera, MD, Hospital of Merano, Italy; & Kimford Meador, MD, Stanford University, CA.

During recent neurology conferences, migraine experts have shared noteworthy developments regarding the use of gepants, including clinical trial results, potential new indications, and recent FDA submissions. Explore the most recent updates on the use of gepants from Richard Lipton, MD, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stewart Tepper, MD, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; and Jessica Ailani, MD, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital.

In this week’s podcast, movement disorder specialists; Fabrizio Stocchi from IRCCS San Raffaele Rome; Angelo Antonini from the University of Padua; Joaquim Ferreira from the University of Lisbon, and K. Ray-Chaudhuri from King's College London, will discuss recent advances in the use of levodopa and opicapone in Parkinson's disease.

Working at each stage of the process, experts are implementing novel approaches to improve prehospital, in-hospital, and interhospital workflow. In this week’s episode, top stroke specialists discuss their research into streamlining care delivery for stroke patients.

Delve into the minds of leading authorities Mitchell Miglis, MD, Stanford University; Matteo Cesari, PhD, Medical University of Innsbruck; Aleksander Videnovic, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; and Shady Rahayel, PhD, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University – as they discuss current updates on isolated RBD.

MOGAD is an inflammatory disorder mainly affecting the optic nerve, spinal cord, and brain. As a result of enhanced clinical testing capabilities, MOG antibodies are being detected in children with central nervous system demyelinating diseases, including pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). In this episode, Doctor Amin Ziaei, MD, PhD, University of California – San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, discusses his research which compares the genetic basis of POMS to confirmed MOGAD cases.

In this podcast, David Li-Bland, PhD, Unlearn.ai; Gavin Giovannoni, MBBCh, PhD, FCP, FRCP, FRCPath, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London; and Mitzi Joi Williams, MD, Joi Life Wellness Group, discuss potential improvements that can be made to clinical trials in MS: design, efficiency, and ethnic representation.

In this episode, Sabrina Paganoni, MD, PhD, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, and Jerry Mendell, MD, FAAN, Nationwide Children’s Hospital & Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, discuss key clinical trials in neuromuscular disorders, including the CENTAUR trials in ALS, the Phase III ADAPT trial in myasthenia gravis and the START trial long-term follow-up in SMA.

In this deep dive into the importance of subtyping in PD, leading authorities Chin-Hsien Lin, MD, PhD, National Taiwan University; Alberto Espay, MD, FAAN, University of Cincinnati, Etienne Hirsch, PhD, Inserm, Sorbonne Université; and Alice Chen-Plotkin, MD, University of Pennsylvania, talk on the limitations of clinical subtyping and why a one-size-fits-all approach to clinical trials is unlikely to succeed, as well as how we can define new subpopulations and the practical considerations.

In this episode, Seth Hays, PhD, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, Jesse Dawson, MD, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK, and Christian Gerloff, MD, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, review recent breakthroughs in stroke recovery and rehabilitation. Our panel of stroke experts will cover the recent FDA approval of the Vivistim paired vagus nerve stimulation system, upcoming neurostimulation protocols, and assessment tools used to evaluate recovery.