高门:魏晋世族如何冲进门阀时代? episode artwork

EPISODE · May 9, 2025 · 1H 11M

高门:魏晋世族如何冲进门阀时代?

from 非马非牛(Famous Unknown)

本期各位听到的类似鼠标点击的底噪不是鼠标,而是李二同学颞下颌关节紊乱产生的弹响。给本节目打钱或者在爱发电订阅均可改善李二同学的生活品质。-时间轴-03:19 “柳絮因风起”固然敏捷,但何以名垂青史?06:16 晋朝人如何发现热力学定律韩康伯数岁,家酷贫,至大寒,止得襦。母殷夫人自成之,令康伯捉熨斗,谓康伯曰:“且着襦,寻作复裈。”儿云:“已足,不须复裈也。”母问其故,答曰:“火在熨斗中而柄热,今既着襦,下亦当暖,故不须耳。”母甚异之,知为国器。—刘孝标:《世说新语•夙惠第十二》。13:59 重点不在于儿童夙慧与否,而在于谁掌握了评价的权力晋孝武年十二,时冬天,昼日不着复衣,但着单练衫五六重;夜则累茵褥。谢公谏曰:“圣体宜令有常,陛下昼过冷,夜过热,恐非摄养之术。”帝曰:“昼动夜静。”谢公出,叹曰:“上理不减先帝。”——《世说新语•夙惠第十二》19:07 高门总是在称赞高门王𤀹冲、裴叔则二人总角诣钟士季,须臾去,后客问钟曰:“向二童何如?”钟曰:“裴楷清通,王戎简要。后二十年,此二贤当为吏部尚书,冀尔时天下无滞才。”——《世说新语•赏誉第八》19:57 门阀长得和我们真不一样吗33:48 汉-晋间人物品题的“虚化”37:53 嵇康到底如何“玉山将崩”?山公曰:“嵇叔夜之为人也,岩岩若孤松之独立;其醉也,傀俄若玉山之将崩”——《世说新语·赏誉第八》41:35 高门垄断权力的方式,是建立了一整套自洽的审美和选拔标准 ,并借此获得文化和政治地位。45:59 高门的最终阶段是摒弃名利——因为高门认为自身地位不依靠外物体现49:40 所谓魏晋风度如何沦为纵欲魏末,阮籍嗜酒荒放,露头散发,裸袒箕踞。其后贵游子弟阮瞻、王澄、谢鲲、胡毋辅之之徒,皆祖述于籍,谓得大道之本。故去巾帻,脱衣服,露丑恶,同禽兽。甚者名之为通,次者名之为达也。——王隐《晋书》57:25 九品中正和魏晋风度一样,迅速走向其自身的反面夫君子小人,类物之通称。蹈道则为君子,违之则为小人。屠钓,卑事也,版筑,贱役也,太公起为周师,傅说去为殷相。非论公侯之世,鼎食之资,明扬幽仄,唯才是与。逮于二汉,兹道未革,胡广累世农夫,伯始致位公相;黄宪牛医之子,叔度名重京师。且任子居朝,咸有职业,虽七叶珥貂,见崇西汉,而侍中身奉奏事,又分掌御服,东方朔为黄门侍郞,执戟殿下。郡县掾史,并出豪家,负戈宿卫,皆由势族,非若晚代,分为二涂者也。汉末丧乱,魏武始基,军中仓卒,权立九品,盖以论人才优劣,非为世族高卑。因此相沿,遂为成法。自魏至晋,莫之能改,州都郡正,以才品人,而举世人才,升降盖寡。徒以冯藉世资,用相陵驾,都正俗士,斟酌时宜,品目少多,随事俯仰,刘毅所云“下品无高门,上品无贱族”者也。岁月迁讹,斯风渐笃,凡厥衣冠,莫非二品,自此以还,遂成卑庶。周、汉之道,以智役愚,台隶参差,用成等级;魏晋以来,以贵役贱,士庶之科,较然有辨。夫人君南面,九重奥绝,陪奉朝夕,义隔卿士,阶闼之任,宜有司存。旣而恩以幸生,信由恩固,无可惮之姿,有易亲之色。孝建、泰始,主威独运,官置百司,权不外假,而刑政纠杂,理难徧通,耳目所寄,事归近习。赏罚之要,是谓国权,出内王命,由其掌握,于是方涂结轨,辐凑同奔。人主谓其身卑位薄,以为权不得重。不知鼠凭社贵,狐藉虎威,外无逼主之嫌,内有专用之功,势倾天下,未之或悟。挟朋树党,政以贿成,鈇钺创痏,构于筵笫之曲,服冕乘轩,出乎言笑之下,南金北毳,来悉方艚,素缣丹魄,至皆兼两,西京许、史,盖不足云,晋朝王、庾,未或能比。及太宗晚运,虑经盛衰,权幸之徒,慑惮宗戚,欲使幼主孤立,永窃国权,构造同异,兴树祸𨻶,帝弟宗王,相继屠劋。民忘宋德,虽非一涂,宝祚夙倾,实由于此。呜呼!汉书有恩泽侯表,又有佞幸传,今采其名,列以为恩幸篇云。——沈约:《宋书·列传第五十四·恩悻》1:06:46 要求健全选拔制度,是为了双赢,而非双输。选拔制度的目的,永远是确保公平和培养人才二者兼顾。如鸟有双翼,只关注其中一种,必然导致选拔方式的极端和失败。【关于我们】:欢迎大家来到非马非牛(Famous Unknown),本播客由一个爱讲故事的非典型青年史学工作者和他的朋友们共同创建。 我们热衷从历史中打捞出某些应当“知名”却“非著名”的故事。如果您有任何问题,或愿意为我们指正节目内容的错误,都可以通过公共邮箱[email protected]和我们交流。我们的微信公众号同样是非马非牛(Famous Unknown),欢迎大家关注并留言。若真有进行商务合作之意愿,也欢迎您用以上两种方式和我们联系RSS订阅链接:https://feed.xyzfm.space/6xkltdh9kfav微信公众号:非马非牛 Famous Unknown我们的B站账号:“刍藁谈”。刍藁谈,一档有品位的低创AI历史类视频节目(半弃疗状态)。我们的小红书:和播客同名!我们几乎弃疗了……但李二同学最近在试着发点儿什么在小宇宙查看该单集文稿

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This episode was published on May 9, 2025.

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