128. Psychobiotics - How Microbial Metabolites Modulate Stress & Enhance Mood by Interacting with the Enteric Nervous System, Vagus Nerve, & Brain (Plus a Dive into Bifidobacterium Longum 1714)

This episode dives into the emerging concept of psychobiotics, exploring how these live (probiotic) microorganisms can positively impact mental health by interacting with the gut-brain axis. We'll provide an in-depth look at the anatomy of the gut lining and the enteric nervous system, explaining how these pathways facilitate communication between the gut and the brain. Additionally, we'll spotlight the psychobiotic Bifidobacterium longum 1714, detailing its mechanisms and benefits for stress and anxiety relief. Topics: 1. General Overview of Psychobiotics - Definition and origin of the term "psychobiotics". - Mental health benefits: alleviating anxiety, depression, enhancing cognitive function, and stress resilience. - Introduction to the gut-brain axis. 2. The Gut-Brain Axis - Detailed explanation of the gut-brain axis. - Overview of the divisions of the nervous system (CNS and PNS). - Further division of the PNS into somatic and autonomic nervous systems. - Division of the autonomic nervous system. - Detailed structure and function of the enteric nervous system (ENS). 3. Gut Lining Anatomy - Layers of the gut lining from the inside out: gut lumen, mucus layers, intestinal epithelium. - Structure and function of the intestinal epithelium and its renewal process. - The role of villi and microvilli in increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption. - Overview of the lamina propria and its immune components. - Overview of the muscularis mucosae 4. Submucosa and Enteric Nervous System (ENS) - Description of the submucosa and its components (blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves). - Detailed structure and function of the submucosal (Meissner's) plexus. - Beyond the submucosa: muscularis externa and the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus. - Interaction between the ENS and the vagus nerve. 5. Psychobiotics in Action: Bifidobacterium longum 1714 - Introduction to Bifidobacterium longum 1714 and its mental health benefits. - Production of key metabolites (SCFAs, serotonin, GABA) and their roles. - Interaction of metabolites with the ENS and the vagus nerve. - Detailed pathway of signals from the gut to the brain. 6. Other Notable Psychobiotics - Quick overview of other psychobiotics studied for mood regulation: - Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG - Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 - Bifidobacterium breve M-16V - Lactobacillus casei Shirota - Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 - Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 Thank you to our episode sponsor: ⁠⁠Liver Medic⁠⁠⁠ Use code Chloe20 to save 20% on ⁠⁠⁠⁠"Leaky Gut Repair"⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠Brendan's YouTube Channel⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://x.com/livermedic⁠⁠⁠⁠ Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more!