EPISODE · Aug 5, 2026 · 15 MIN
1387-小胶质细胞通过PD-1信号通路修剪大脑发育期血管
from 聊聊Sci
这项研究揭示了小鼠大脑发育过程中，小胶质细胞通过物理接触并修剪多余的皮层血管来优化血管网络。研究人员发现，一种名为 PD-L1–PD-1 的信号轴在这一过程中起到了关键的调节作用，它能通过促进小胶质细胞分泌 CD5L 蛋白来精准引导其修剪行为。当下调 PD-1 表达或剔除相关信号分子时，小胶质细胞的吞噬能力会显著下降，导致大脑中出现冗余的血管分支和过长的血管长度。通过活体超高分辨率成像技术，研究证实了这种相互作用主要发生在出生后 11 天左右的血管重塑关键期。总之，该发现扩展了科学界对小胶质细胞在脑血管发育中功能性的认知，证明其除了修剪神经突触外，也是塑造血管系统的重要动力。References:Zhang M, Wang Y, Yang R, et al. Microglia prune developing cortical blood vessels through PD-1 signaling[J]. Nature Neuroscience, 2026: 1-14.前往小宇宙评论区与主播互动
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1387-小胶质细胞通过PD-1信号通路修剪大脑发育期血管
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