EPISODE · Aug 30, 2026 · 22 MIN
1512-古逆转录转座子驱动抗体多样化
from 聊聊Sci
这项研究揭示了B细胞利用逆转录转座子增强抗体多样性的新机制。研究发现，在免疫球蛋白基因上游普遍存在古老的LINE-1（L1）序列，这些序列虽已失去跳跃能力，却能通过招募HUSH复合物和AID酶来驱动体细胞超突变。实验表明，双向启动子产生的反义RNA覆盖了这些L1元件，从而触发了免疫系统的靶向突变机制。通过小鼠模型和细胞工程技术，研究者证实删除或插入L1序列会显著改变抗体的亲和力成熟效率。这一发现解答了AID酶如何精准识别抗体基因的长期谜题，并揭示了内源性逆转录病毒在自适应免疫中的生理功能。这种通过协同进化将遗传“垃圾”转化为免疫防御工具的过程，展示了生物进化的精妙与复杂。References:Lauring M C, Yang M, Sarode A, et al. Co-option of retrotransposons promotes antibody diversification[J]. Cell, 2026.前往小宇宙评论区与主播互动
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1512-古逆转录转座子驱动抗体多样化
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