728-人类小脑特异性特征与ZP2调节的突触发育 episode artwork

EPISODE · Apr 1, 2026 · 23 MIN

728-人类小脑特异性特征与ZP2调节的突触发育

from 聊聊Sci

这项由 Kim 等人发表在《Cell》杂志上的研究,通过单细胞多组学技术构建了人类与其他灵长类动物(黑猩猩、猕猴及普通狨猴)的小脑皮层分子图谱。研究发现,人类小脑的颗粒细胞在进化过程中展现出显著的转录组差异,特别是与突触形成相关的基因发生了特异性改变。最为独特的发现是,原本负责卵子与精子结合的受体蛋白 ZP2 及其相关配体,在人类小脑中被重新利用。实验证明,桥脑苔藓纤维的输入诱导了人类颗粒细胞中 ZP2 的表达,该蛋白定位于小脑肾小球突触周边。ZP2 的积累起到了限制突触过度发育和调节神经元活动的作用,这可能为人类小脑更长的发育周期和复杂的神经环路组装提供了演化基础。此外,该研究还揭示了小脑特异性表达的疾病风险基因,为理解自闭症、共济失调等神经系统疾病提供了演化视角。References: Kim S K, Cherskov A, Sindhwani A, et al. Human-specific features of the cerebellum and ZP2-regulated synapse development[J]. bioRxiv, 2025.前往小宇宙评论区与主播互动

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728-人类小脑特异性特征与ZP2调节的突触发育

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