A Conserved Genetic Basis for Commensal-Host Specificity

Summary This research article investigates the genetic basis of host-specific colonization by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in Drosophila melanogaster. Using live imaging and experimental evolution, the researchers identified a colonization island on a linear plasmid containing genes encoding serine-rich repeat proteins (SRRPs) crucial for stable adhesion to the fly's foregut. This island, including the aSec secretion system, shows significant conservation across the Firmicutes phylum, suggesting ancient origins and potentially both vertical and horizontal gene transfer. The findings illuminate a conserved mechanism for commensal bacteria to specifically colonize their hosts, advancing understanding of microbiome development. Source: Karina Gutiérrez-García et al. ,A conserved bacterial genetic basis for commensal-host specificity.Science386,1117-1122(2024).DOI:10.1126/science.adp7748