Ashwagandha has 40+ active compounds. The market measures one number.

KSM-66: 5% withanolides. Shoden: 35% withanolides. Sensoril: 10% withanolide glycosides. These are three different products with different compounds at different ratios targeting different receptors , marketed as the same thing. Withaferin A inhibits NF-kB (anti-inflammatory). Withanolide D activates GABA-A (anxiolytic). Withanone targets the p53-mortalin interaction (anti-aging). "% total withanolides" is like rating wine by "% total alcohol." The withanolide-to-mechanism map is the biggest IP opportunity in adaptogens.Publications of interest:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7121644/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34946778/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22973447/