ATI Chapter 27 Review: Advanced Med-Surg – Respiratory Failure

In this Advanced Med-Surg episode, we review ATI Chapter 27, which focuses on respiratory failure and related critical conditions, including acute respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and SARS-CoV-2–associated respiratory complications. We’ll review key pathophysiologic changes that impair gas exchange, along with major risk factors such as advanced age, chronic illness, and prolonged hypoxemia. The episode emphasizes priority diagnostic findings, including arterial blood gas interpretation and imaging studies. You’ll also hear an in-depth review of nursing interventions such as mechanical ventilation strategies, PEEP management, patient positioning, and the use of medications including neuromuscular blockers and antivirals. Potential complications such as barotrauma, ventilator-associated infections, and hemodynamic instability are addressed throughout. This episode provides an exam-focused review to help nursing students recognize respiratory failure early and deliver safe, evidence-based critical care.Source: All information in this podcast is based on ATI Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing, Chapter 27