Bladder cancer and upper tract TCC

The haematuria pathway now it is risk-stratified, why the chest scan you were taught to order has largely gone, where NICE and the EAU genuinely disagree on follow-up, what counts as BCG failure and what you can offer when it happens, muscle-invasive disease including the chemotherapy substitution that costs a cure, first-line metastatic treatment, who needs a second resection, and why the upper tract behaves differently.