Catatonia in Children and Teens

Catatonia in children and teens is underdiagnosed, frequently misunderstood, and potentially fatal if left untreated. In this episode, Dr. David Puder and Dr. Annabel Kuhn interview Dr. Joshua Ryan Smith—child and adolescent psychiatrist and division director at Vanderbilt University—to explore the essential clinical skills and medical knowledge needed to identify and treat pediatric catatonia. You'll learn how to differentiate catatonia from other neuropsychiatric conditions in both neurodivergent and neurotypical children, how to apply tools like the Bush-Francis and Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scales. This episode also unpacks common misdiagnoses in cases involving autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and autoimmune or metabolic conditions. Finally, it offers practical, evidence-based guidance for both inpatient stabilization and outpatient follow-up care. Whether you're a psychiatrist, pediatrician, therapist, or student, this episode offers life-saving insights into one of the most overlooked syndromes in child psychiatry. By listening to this episode, you can earn 1.0 Psychiatry CME Credits. Link to blog. Link to YouTube video.