China is Working on Collective Security in the Indian Ocean

China has been working on collective security in the Indian Ocean, to safeguard international sea lanes and provide a secured environment for the international community who are working in the rim land of the ocean. What are the real security threats of the Indian Ocean? What is the intention behind the rhetoric “free and open Indo-Pacific” ? Mr. Zhou Bo, a CISS Senior Fellow, shared his opinions during the Pathfinder Indian Ocean Security Conference, which focused on security architecture and maritime domain awareness of the Indian Ocean. The conference was hosted by the Pathfinder Foundation in Sri Lanka on March 4th, 2022.