Christianity and Culture: Present (Christianity and Culture) (Remastered)

Rushdoony’s central claim is that culture reveals religion, most clearly through law and education. By these measures, modern society is humanistic, having confined faith to private worship while surrendering public life to the state. In antiquity this was normal: the state was the church. Rulers functioned as divine figures, and there was no separation of church and state. As societies abandon Christianity, they inevitably return to this pagan pattern by re-divinizing the state. Against this background, Christianity was radically subversive. Paul’s command to pray for rulers (1 Tim. 2:1–2) challenged the belief that rulers were divine mediators. Even more explosive was the Christian confession “Jesus Christ is Lord,” which directly contradicted Rome’s required confession “Caesar is Lord.” This alone made Christianity a threat to the entire pagan order and explains the fierce persecution of the early church. Rushdoony argues that pagan “freedom” was actually licentiousness leading to slavery. Ancient cultures used moral chaos ritualized in festivals like the Saturnalia to control people. Such chaos-worship is ultimately self-destructive, and modern society is repeating the same pattern. The ancient world was bankrupt when Christ came; likewise today, the only real hope is a return to Christ’s total lordship over all of life, not merely private belief.