Cities as Multiples and Endless Cities

In this episode, we explore architectures at the scale of the metropolis, where form resistsboundaries and systems redefine the city itself. At a moment when cities no longer exist as discrete, contained spaces, we interrogate the infrastructure and architecture that shape them—and, in turn, shape our behaviour within them. Historically, cities were imagined as fixed and bounded: centres of power and culture surrounded by expanding edges. Today, however, cities unfold as ongoing processes—continuous operations that extend far beyondtheir traditional cores. From Canberra's radial roads to Los Angeles's sprawling freeways; from London's Metroland to the architectural experiments of Chandigarh and Brasília; from São Paulo through Cairo to Beijing—we witness urbanisation as a vast and ever-evolving network, one that resists being fixed in either time or space. Drawing on visionary architects and urban theorists such as Romaldo Giurgola, Gordon Cullen, and Leon Krier, aswell as Cedric Price's radical proposals for flexible urbanism, the episode traces the logic of expansion from car-dominated suburbs to the rise of the shopping mall as an urban node. What happens when the city loses its centre? When nodes rather than traditional hubs become the essential units of urban life? We step into the networked, fluid, and plural landscapes of endless cities and the city as multiples—where urban form is no longer aboutfixed locations, but about the operations that produce them. Check out the references from this episode.