Cosmic Supernova Secrets, IO's Volcanic Heartbeat, and New Glenn's Vertical Ascent: S27E147

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 147*A Cosmic Glimpse into the Universe's PastAstronomers have witnessed a rare supernova, 2023 UFX, offering insights into the early universe. This unusual stellar explosion involved a metal-poor red supergiant star, providing clues about the cosmic conditions when the universe began. The study, led by Michael Tucker from Ohio State University, reveals how early supernovae seeded the next generation of stars, shaping galaxies like the Milky Way. The findings underscore the significance of dwarf galaxies as analogues for the universe's infancy, highlighting how metal-poor environments influenced star evolution and supernova behaviour.*Volcanic Mysteries on Jupiter's Moon IoA new study reveals that Io, Jupiter's volcanic moon, has active volcanoes at its poles, potentially regulating internal tidal heating. This discovery, based on NASA's Juno spacecraft data, sheds light on Io's intense volcanic activity and its role in planetary formation processes. Tidal heating, caused by gravitational interactions, plays a crucial role in sustaining subsurface oceans on other moons, offering a glimpse into the dynamic geological processes shaping celestial bodies.*America's Next Mega Rocket: New GlennBlue Origin's New Glenn rocket has been positioned vertically on its launch pad, preparing for its maiden flight. This 98-metre-tall launch vehicle is set to join the ranks of NASA's SLS Orion and SpaceX's Starship in advancing Space exploration capabilities. The upcoming hot fire test will evaluate the rocket and launch pad systems, paving the way for future missions. New Glenn aims to lift significant payloads into various orbits, with plans for reusability akin to SpaceX's Falcon 9.00:00 This is space Time Series 27 episode 147 for broadcast on 6th December 202400:44 2023 UFX is the most metal poor stellar explosion ever observed04:17 Active volcanoes at IO's poles may help regulate internal tidal heating07:08 Blue Origin's New Glenn ready for hot fire test ahead of maiden flight09:22 December's astronomical highlight is the December solstice which occurs on Saturday14:29 Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature and characteristics18:11 Two blue stars nearing end of their lives expected to go supernova23:41 The brightest star in Orion is a red supergiant called Betelgeuse33:40 Once the sun has gone down and the sky is dark, you will see Orion36:34 The Pleiades cluster is also known as the Seven Sisters38:45 If you look down to the south, we'll see that Southern Cross40:09 Venus shining big and bright above the western horizon after sunset41:18 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesOhio State University[Ohio State University](https://www.osu.edu/)NASA's Webb Space Telescope[NASA Webb Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)Astrophysical Journal[Astrophysical Journal](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/637X)4--- Blue Origin[Blue Origin](https://www.blueorigin.com/)Space Launch Complex 36[Cape Canaveral Space Force Station](https://www.spaceforce.mil/)United Launch Alliance[ULA](https://www.ulalaunch.com/)Geophysical Research Letters[Geophysical Research Letters](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007)Cornell University[Cornell University](https://www.cornell.edu/)NASA's Juno spacecraft[NASA Juno Mission](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.html)Sky and Telescope magazine[Sky & Telescope](https://skyandtelescope.org/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.