David Strand, "Rickshaw Beijing: City People and Politics in the 1920s," (University of California Press, 1993)

In the 1920s, revolution, war, and imperialist aggression brought chaos to China. Many of the dramatic events associated with this upheaval took place in or near China's cities. Bound together by rail, telegraph, and a shared urban mentality, cities like Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing formed an arena in which the great issues of the day--the quest for social and civil peace, the defense of popular and national sovereignty, and the search for a distinctively modern Chinese society--were debated and fought over. People were drawn into this conflicts because they knew that the passage of armies, the marching of protesters, the pontificating of intellectual, and the opening and closing of factories could change their lives. David Strand offers a penetrating view of the old walled capital of Beijing during these years by examining how the residents coped with the changes wrought by itinerant soldiers and politicians and by the accelerating movement of ideas, capital, and technology. By looking at the political experiences of ordinary citizens, including rickshaw pullers, policemen, trade unionists, and Buddhist monks, Strand provides fascinating insights into how deeply these forces were felt. The resulting portrait of early twentieth-century Chinese urban society stresses the growing political sophistication of ordinary people educated by mass movements, group politics, and participation in a shared, urban culture that mixed opera and demonstrations, newspaper reading and teahouse socializing. Surprisingly, in the course of absorbing new ways of living, working, and doing politics, much of the old society was preserved--everything seemed to change and yet little of value was discarded. Through tumultuous times, Beijing rose from a base of local and popular politics to form a bridge linking a traditional world of guilds and gentry elites with the contemporary world of corporatism and cadres. East Asian Studies Podcast Chinese History Podcast 1920s China urban society David Strand Beijing history Revolution and war in China Imperialist aggression in 1920s China Early 20th-century Chinese cities Beijing’s political transformation Urban culture in Republican China Mass movements in Chinese history Political participation in Beijing Chinese rickshaw pullers and trade unions Modernization of Chinese cities Chinese urban society and technology National sovereignty debates in China Chinese teahouse culture Popular and local politics in Beijing Traditional vs. modern China Social change in 1920s China Guilds and gentry elites in Beijing Newspapers and opera in urban China Urban modernization in early 20th-century China Participation of ordinary citizens in politics Transformation of Chinese walled cities Local politics and corporatism in Beijing