Democratic Theories Two

We continue our discussion of theories of judicial review that say it should enforce--and reinforce--democracy: footnote 4 theories and John Hart Ely. We argue that these theories run up against contradictions when they try to specify particular forms of democracy that they're trying to reinforce. As many have argued these theories can be quite narrow, leaving untouched forms of democratic failure that ought to be remedied, or quite broad, giving courts the power to displace ordinary legislation across extremely wide swathes of public policy. We also discuss Bruce Ackerman's effort to distinguish between constitutional politics, whose outcomes the courts should enforce, and ordinary politics, interest group politics whose outcomes judges should accept. And we renew our disagreement about whether or how we should respect decisions made years ago by people quite different from us.