＊第三季＊【EP. 76】#363 經濟學人新聞評論【國際婦女節、性別平等/權、大學校園性暴力、美韓同盟：美韓共同防禦條約、韓戰、國防軍費/預算、美國印太司令部、太平洋威懾倡議 (Pacific Deterrence Initiative)、中國軍力@南海/西太平洋、美國參議院-軍事委員會、美屬關島 (Guam)】

🔴Tuesday March 9th 2021 🔵2021年3月9日星期二 1️⃣President Joe Biden on Gender Equality 美國總統拜登為性別平權 President Joe Biden signed two executive orders on International Women’s Day. One creates a Gender Policy Council to co-ordinate work across executive departments and report to him annually on how policy affects gender equality. The other will review some changes to policy made under Donald Trump, regarding sexual violence on university campuses. Mr Trump had tilted the rules adjudicating such cases towards the accused. 美國總統拜登 (Joe Biden) 在國際婦女節時簽署了兩項行政命令，其中之一為創建一個性別政策委員會，負責協調各行政部門間的工作，並每年向他報告 (行政部門之) 政策會如何影響性別平等。另一個 (行政命令) 則為審查前美國總統川普於任內對大學校園性暴力政策所做的一些改變，(因) 川普讓此類案件的裁決規則傾向於被告 (方)。 2️⃣US-South Korea: need to see some cash! 美韓同盟：見了錢，眼才開！ America and South Korea have reached an agreement on how to share the costs of the 28,000 American troops on the Korean peninsula. Neither side has revealed the precise terms, but South Korea will probably pay more than then $924m it paid in 2019 and less than the fivefold increase demanded by the Trump administration. South Korea’s parliament still has to approve the deal. 美國和南韓已就如何分擔駐紮在朝鮮半島上 28,000名美軍的費用達成了協議。雙方都沒有透露 (協議中) 確切的內容，但南韓可能會支付超過其在 2019年所支付的 9.24億美元，不過 (金額) 至少會是低於川普政府先前所要求的五倍之多。該協議仍待南韓國會批准。 3️⃣Playing catch-up: America’s Indo-Pacific Command 美國的印太司令部抗中：要錢要人 Admiral Philip Davidson commands virtually every American in uniform between the Himalayas and Hawaii. Last week he warned that China would outmatch them within five years. Today he will go cap in hand to the Senate Armed Services Committee to ask for tens of billions of dollars to shore up his Indo-Pacific Command as part of a new Pacific Deterrence Initiative. He wants $4.7bn in 2021 and 2022—more than the entire defence budget of a medium-sized regional power like the Philippines—and $22.7bn in additional spending between 2023 and 2027. One aim is to better protect Guam, an American island, from missiles. Another is to upgrade facilities across Asia, so American forces could disperse if their main bases in Guam, Japan and South Korea came under attack. Admiral Davidson also wants $3.3bn for a string of new missiles near China’s coast. America’s partners are distinctly unenthusiastic about hosting them. 美國印太司令部作戰司令 Philip Davidson 指揮著幾乎橫跨喜馬拉雅山區至夏威夷一帶的所有現役美國軍人。在上週，他提出警告：中國 (在印太地區的軍事實力) 可能在五年內超越美國。在今天，作為新版「太平洋威懾倡議 (Pacific Deterrence Initiative)」內容的一部分，他將誠懇地前往美國參議院軍事委員會，呼籲請求 (國會撥款) 上百億美元的預算以支持他的印太司令部。Davidson 司令希望 (太平洋威懾倡議之預算) 能在 2021年以及 2022年達到 47億美元 (這筆金額已超過像是菲律賓等中型區域大國的整體國防預算)，並在 2023年至 2027年之間再追加 227億美元的支出。此預算的其中一個目標為更妥善地保護美屬關島 (Guam) 免受導彈的威脅，另外則是升級美軍在整個亞洲所部署的設施。如此一來，假設美軍在關島、日本和南韓的主要基地遭到攻擊時就可以分散開來。Davidson 司令還希望爭取 33億美元，在中國沿海地區建置一系列的新型導彈。然而，美國的盟友們顯然不熱衷於接收並部署它們。 -- Hosting provided by SoundOn