Episode 6 - Environmental stress and metabolism

In this episode, we examine how heat, cold, and altitude influence energy transfer and metabolism. Heat stress increases metabolic rates to support cooling mechanisms, while cold stress requires energy for heat production through shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis. At high altitudes, reduced oxygen availability shifts the body toward anaerobic metabolism. Integration of nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems ensures homeostasis under these stressors.