Episode 7 (Dr Claire Willis)
from The ResearchWorks Podcast Hosted by Dr Dayna Pool and Dr Ashleigh Thornton
A realist evaluation of a physical activity participation intervention for children and youth with disabilities: what works, for whom, in what circumstances, and how? C E Willis , S Reid , C Elliott , M Rosenberg , A Nyquist , R Jahnsen, S Girdler Abstract Background: The need to identify strategies that facilitate involvement in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities is recognised as an urgent priority. This study aimed to describe the association between context, mechanisms and outcome(s) of a participation-focused physical activity intervention to understand what works, in what conditions, and how. Methods: This study was designed as a realist evaluation. Participant recruitment occurred through purposive and theoretical sampling of children and parents participating in the Local Environment Model intervention at Beitostolen Healthsports Centre in Norway. Ethnographic methods comprising participant observation, interviews, and focus groups were employed over 15 weeks in the field. Data analysis was completed using the context-mechanism-outcome framework of realist evaluation. Context-mechanism-outcome connections were generated empirically from the data to create a model to indicate how the program activated mechanisms within the program context, to enable participation in physical activity. Results: Thirty one children with a range of disabilities (mean age 12y 6 m (SD 2y 2 m); 18 males) and their parents (n = 44; 26 mothers and 18 fathers) participated in the study. Following data synthesis, a refined program theory comprising four context themes, five mechanisms, and six outcomes, were identified. The mechanisms (choice, fun, friends, specialised health professionals, and time) were activated in a context that was safe, social, learning-based and family-centred, to elicit outcomes across all levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Conclusions: The interaction of mechanisms and context as a whole facilitated meaningful outcomes for children and youth with disabilities, and their parents. Whilst optimising participation in physical activity is a primary outcome of the Local Environment Model, the refined program theory suggests the participation-focused approach may act as a catalyst to promote a range of outcomes. Findings from this study may inform future interventions attempting to enable participation in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities. Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Context; Intellectual disability; Mechanism; Outcome; Parent; Participation; Physical activity; Physical disability.
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What this episode covers
A realist evaluation of a physical activity participation intervention for children and youth with disabilities: what works, for whom, in what circumstances, and how?C E Willis , S Reid , C Elliott , M Rosenberg , A Nyquist , R Jahnsen, S Girdler Abstract Background: The need to identify strategies that facilitate involvement in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities is recognised as an urgent priority. This study aimed to describe the association between context, mechan...
Chapters
- 0:00 Intro
- 3:19 A realist evaluation of a physical activity participation intervention for children and youth with disabilities: what works, for whom, in what circumstances, an…
- 6:28 PICO (Participants, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome)
- 8:18 What a realist evaluation is....
- 11:08 CMO: Context Mechanism Outcome
- 12:25 What the key themes were across the aspects of the paper.
- 15:37 The family centred approach
- 16:40 The role of the specialised health professionals
- 18:10 An example of therapeutic vs teaching
- 21:07 The meaning of TIME (parents)
- 24:23 The choice mechanism (child)
- 25:28 Fun and Friends - The F words!
- 29:07 The other outcomes
- 31:19 Where do you see the future research questions heading towards?
- 33:24 Tell it to Ed!
- 34:19 The paper in 60 seconds!
- 36:00 Q. From a participation point of view - how do i manage the interest (in a sport or activity) from a client or patient?
- 37:36 Think outside the box
- 39:34 Next week: Dr Jane Valentine. Botulinum toxin and surgical intervention in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: who, when and why do we treat?
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