Episode 81: Debate | Is the Exclusion Zone a Fourth Phase?

Is the exclusion zone evidence for a new phase of water, or can it be explained by conventional transport physics? This debate explores the clash between Gerald Pollack’s fourth-phase hypothesis, electrochemical and diffusiophoretic critiques, and a third emergent-interface model that asks whether water, surfaces, ions, charge, and energy must be studied together. Read More The post Episode 81: Debate | Is the Exclusion Zone a Fourth Phase? first appeared on TOWARD LIFE-KNOWLEDGE.