Fenugreek: The GLP-1 ingredient nobody talks about

Fenugreek contains 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-HI), an amino acid that stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. This is GLP-1-adjacent biology at a mechanistic level. While berberine gets all the "natural GLP-1" attention, 4-HI from fenugreek has a more specific, insulin-secretagogue mechanism. Yet the fenugreek extract market is only $12 million.Publications of interest:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9519714/https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6273931/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10516120/