From Romans 9 to Atheism?

Yes, Romans 9 does teach God is sovereign in His election of His people whom He saves (whether individually or nationally) but the main context is seeing His GRACE for those He saves, and not fabricating some sort of negative motive to His will within His sovereignty. That would be presuming upon the mystery of His intentions which we have not been given access to. "Who are you 'ol man to question God?"