Gastro: Mallory-Weiss Syndrome: Free MSRA Podcast

⚕️ FREE MSRA PODCAST – Mallory-Weiss Syndrome🎧 High-yield breakdown of this mucosal tear caused by vomiting/retching – perfect for MSRA prep and clinical practice.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• MWS = longitudinal mucosal lacerations at the gastro-oesophageal junction• Triggered by forceful vomiting or retching• First described in alcohol-associated cases (1929)📌 Causes & Risk Factors• Vomiting, retching, dry heaving• Alcohol misuse, bulimia, gastroenteritis• Hyperemesis gravidarum (pregnancy)• Coughing, hiccups, straining• Hiatal hernia, renal disease, migraines, hepatitis• Medications: NSAIDs, chemo• Rare: trauma, CPR, endoscopy• Idiopathic cases exist💡 Mnemonic – “Got BEER So Very Rough”Gastroenteritis, Bulimia, Excess alcohol, Emesis, Renal disease, Severe vomiting, ↑ICP, Rough coughing📌 Pathophysiology• Sudden pressure increase (e.g. vomiting) → mucosal tears• Occurs at gastro-oesophageal junction• Typically partial-thickness tears (mucosa/submucosa)📌 Symptoms• Classic: Haematemesis after vomiting• Melena if slow bleed• Dizziness, syncope if blood loss severe• May have epigastric discomfort📌 Differential Diagnosis• Peptic ulcer, varices, gastritis, Boerhaave’s, GI malignancy💡 Mnemonic – “PUB GOES BAD”Peptic ulcer, Upper GI bleed, Boerhaave’s, Gastritis, Oesophageal varices, Stomach cancer, Benign lesions, AV malformation, Duodenal ulcer📌 Diagnosis• Gold standard: Upper GI endoscopy• Bloods:– FBC (Hb)– U&Es, creatinine– Coag screen– Group & Save / crossmatch💡 Mnemonic – “Funky Cats Really Eat Apples”FBC, Coag, Renal, Electrolytes, Antibody screen📌 Management• Initial resus: ABCs, O₂, IV access, fluids/blood, correct coagulopathy• Endoscopy within 24h:– Diagnostic + therapeutic (clips, adrenaline, coagulation)– Avoid PPI pre-endoscopy• Risk assessment:– Rockall / Glasgow-Blatchford Score– Rebleeding highest within 48h📌 Complications• Rebleeding (esp. with cirrhosis, renal disease)• Aspiration pneumonia• Rare: perforation, mediastinitis• Procedure-related complications📌 Prognosis• Excellent: most stop bleeding spontaneously• 5–15% rebleed within 48h• Mortality ~7–14%, mainly from comorbidities📌 Prevention• Address vomiting triggers (e.g. alcohol, infections)• Manage reflux, chronic cough• PPIs for prevention in high-risk cases• Avoid NSAIDs where possible💡 Mnemonic – “Tears After Cheers”Easy recall for vomiting + alcohol = mucosal tears 📎More MSRA Resourcesfor Mallory-Weiss Syndrome📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/mallory-weiss-syndrome-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/mallory-weiss-syndrome-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/mallory-weiss-syndrome-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/mallory-weiss-syndrome-rapid-quiz/🎓 Full Course: https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/gastroenterology-for-the-msra/ Hashtags#MSRA #MSRARevision#MalloryWeissSyndromeMSRA #MSRAFlashcards #GastroenterologyMSRA #NICEGuidelines#MSRAExam #MSRAStudyMaterials #MedicalEducation #MSRAOnlineRevision#MultiSpecialityRecruitmentAssessment