古文观止|卷五汉文|083酷吏列传序 episode artwork

EPISODE · Apr 14, 2023 · 1 MIN

古文观止|卷五汉文|083酷吏列传序

from 古文观止丨原文朗读丨古代散文精华录

        酷吏,就是执法严酷的官吏。《酷吏列传》揭露了这批酷吏的残暴行为。这里选的是《酷吏列传》的序文,是一篇借论述酷吏而针砭时弊的文章。文中用孔子、老子的言论,并用秦末的吏治情况与汉初相对比,来说明作者的论点,简洁有力,余意深长。原文        孔子曰:“导之以政,齐之以刑,民免而无耻。导之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格。”老氏称:“上德不德,是以有德;下德不失德,是以无德。”“法令滋章,盗贼多有。”太史公曰:信哉是言也!法令者治之具,而非制治清浊之源也。昔天下之网尝密矣然奸伪萌起,其极也,上下相遁,至于不振当是之时,吏治若救火扬沸,非武健严酷,恶能胜其任而愉快乎!言道德者,溺其职矣。故曰“听讼,吾犹人也,必也使无讼乎。”“下士闻道大笑之”。非虚言也。汉兴,破觚而为圜,斫雕而为朴,网漏于吞舟之鱼,而吏治,不至于奸,黎民艾安。由是观之,在彼不在此。

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