Haem: Venous Thromboembolism: Free MSRA Podcast

🩸 FREE MSRA PODCAST – Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): Clots,Causes & Clinical Clarity 🎧This high-yieldepisode dives into everything you need to know about VTE for the MSRA – from Virchow’striad to DVT vs PE presentation,risk factors, investigations, treatment, and long-term complications. Whetheryou’re tackling MSRA or brushing up your clinical knowledge, this is youressential VTE revision tool. 🧠Key Learning Points📌DefinitionVenousThromboembolism (VTE) includes:• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) – clot in deepleg/pelvic veins• Pulmonary Embolism (PE) – clot travels tolungs, often from DVT 📌Causes & RiskFactors🧪Virchow’s Triad (SHE)• Stasis – immobility, long flights, surgery,heart failure• Hypercoagulability – pregnancy, cancer,thrombophilia, HRT, OCP• Endothelial injury – trauma, surgery, centrallines🔎Acquired Risks• Surgery, generalanaesthesia• Active cancer• Pregnancy &postpartum• Immobility• Hormonal therapy(e.g. OCP, HRT)• Older age,obesity, heart failure🧬InheritedThrombophilias• Factor V Leiden• Prothrombin genemutation• Antithrombin,protein C/S deficiency• Antiphospholipidsyndrome• Others: Sicklecell, nephrotic syndrome, polycythaemia vera 📌Symptoms🦵DVT• Unilateral legswelling• Pain, tenderness• Warmth, redness• Often asymptomatic (~50%)🫁PE• Sudden dyspnoea, pleuriticchest pain• Tachycardia, hypoxia• Haemoptysis, collapse in severe cases• Wide spectrum –mild to life-threatening 📌DifferentialDiagnoses🦵 DVT: Cellulitis, muscular injury, Baker's cyst🫁 PE: Pneumonia, ACS, pericarditis, panic attack,musculoskeletal pain 📌Investigations🧪Bloods• D-dimer – sensitive, not specific• Use in low-risk patients with Wells Score🖥️Imaging• DVT – Doppler leg ultrasound• PE – CTPA(CT Pulmonary Angiography)• Consider V/Q scan in pregnancy🧠Scoring Tools• Wells Score – DVT and PE versions• Helps determineprobability & guide investigations 📌Management💊Anticoagulation =cornerstone• DOACs (e.g., apixaban, rivaroxaban)• LMWH (esp. inpregnancy or cancer) → Warfarin (less common now)• Duration dependson cause (provoked/unprovoked), recurrence, bleeding risk• Compressionstockings for DVT• Early mobilisation encouraged🧰Special Cases• IVC filter – if anticoagulation contraindicated• Thrombolysis – massive PE with haemodynamiccompromise 📌Prognosis &Complications🚨Short-Term Risks• Sudden death(massive PE)• Delayed diagnosis= worse outcome🩸Bleeding risk from anticoagulation📈Long-Term• Recurrent VTE• Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS)• Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) 📎More MSRA Resourcesfor VTE📝 Revision Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/venous-thromboembolism-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/venous-thromboembolism-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/venous-thromboembolism-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/venous-thromboembolism-rapid-quiz/🩺 MSRA Haematology Course:https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/haematology-for-the-msra/ #MSRA #VTE #DVT #PE#MSRAFlashcards #MSRARevisionNotes #MSRAQuiz #MSRAAccordions #PassTheMSRA#FreeMSRA #HaematologyMSRA #Thrombosis #CTPA #WellsScore #DOAC#PostThromboticSyndrome #CTEPH