History of Science & Technology Q&A (April 26, 2023)

Stephen Wolfram answers questions from his viewers about the history of science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series, also available on YouTube here: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa Questions include: Can you discuss the history of programming languages? Is programming always associated with computers or were there other forms of programming? - Didn't IBM have its own extremely labor intensive "telegraph" system? - How do you think Ada Lovelace would view the current age of AI? - Sometimes I wonder what'd happened if Newton or Gauss had access to digital computers. - Any thoughts about Plankalkül? - Isn't mathematics itself following rules? - Could you talk about the history of cybernetics and the idea of feedback loops in general? - How are the history of education and programming connected? When did degrees in programming become significant? - Do Wittgenstein's experiments with language models have any relevance to LLM and AI today?