How far is municipal transparency from neighbours? Evidence from Spain and Portugal

Tejedo-Romero, F., Rodrigues, M., & Araujo, J. F. F. E. (2023). How far is municipal transparency from neighbours? Evidence from Spain and Portugal. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 36(3), 193–215. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-01-2022-0026 This episode explores municipal transparency in Portugal and Spain, analyzing how legal, institutional, and political factors shape their approaches to transparency. Both countries, with similar politico-administrative contexts, respond to the "name and shame" dynamic introduced by the Municipal Transparency Index (ITM). The study employs neo-institutional and legitimacy theories to investigate ITM evolution and its influencing factors. Findings reveal parallels in transparency efforts across Iberian municipalities. Freedom of Information (FOI) laws and "name and shame" mechanisms positively impact transparency, while provincial capital status yields divergent effects. Political factors like electoral turnout negatively influence transparency, as low participation drives officials to enhance legitimacy. Political strength has contrasting effects: majority governments reduce transparency in Spain but not in Portugal. Notably, left-leaning mayors in Portugal disclose more information. While population size consistently affects transparency, differences in ITM methodologies and transparency measurement present study limitations. This episode offers valuable insights for policymakers navigating transparency reforms in Iberia.