JAMA July 2026 Neonatal Survival After Serial Amnioinfusions for Anhydramnios Due to Fetal Kidney Failure The RAFT Clinical Trial

The RAFT trial investigated whether delivering serial amnioinfusions to mothers with a severe lack of amniotic fluid could prevent the lethal pulmonary hypoplasia typically caused by fetal kidney failure. By regularly injecting fluid into the womb, researchers successfully supported fetal lung development, leading to a high rate of live births and short-term neonatal survival. While the procedure significantly improved the chances of infants reaching a stage where they could receive dialysis or kidney transplants, the study also highlighted risks such as preterm birth and other maternal complications. Ultimately, this work suggests that replenishing amniotic fluid serves as a vital mechanistic pathway to sustain life in cases that were previously considered fatal.