Lipid metabolism overview

This episode explores the biochemical foundations of lipid metabolism, detailing the transition from dietary lipid processing to intravascular remodeling and intracellular utilization. We trace the exogenous and endogenous lipoprotein pathways, emphasizing the critical roles of apolipoproteins like B48, B100, CII, and E, alongside key enzymes including lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase. The discussion highlights low-density lipoprotein receptor regulation via SREBP2 and PCSK9, as well as the mechanisms governing reverse cholesterol transport mediated by HDL. Finally, we analyze the metabolic balancing act between de novo lipogenesis and beta-oxidation, concluding with an examination of how endocrine dysregulation in diabetes, hypothyroidism, Cushing syndrome, and acromegaly alters lipid homeostasis.