Matthew 5:38-41: Christ and Retaliation

(Dustin Cook) Introduction: Two guiding principles for the Sermon on the Mount: ? An assumption of a supernatural conversion o Matthew 7:17 ? A demand of a lifestyle of righteousness o Matthew 5:20, 7:24 1. The Law of Moses … v38 ? 'eye for eye’ o Exodus 21:23-24, Leviticus 24:20, Deuteronomy 19:18-21 ? ‘Lex talionis’ o A principle of equity in the judicial punishment of crimes ? Twofold purpose o A guide for justice o A restraint for revenge 2. The Pharisees’ interpretation ? Extended the scope o From law court to personal relations ? An excuse for revenge o Leviticus 19:18, Proverbs 20:22, 24:29 3. Jesus’ demand … v39-42 ? The binding principle o Non-retaliation – “do not resist the one who is evil” ? The fourfold illustration of the principle o Various circumstances: 1. When insulted … v39 2. When sued … v40 3. When forced … v41 4. When solicited … 42 ? What the command is NOT: o For governments o Illustrated exhaustively o Absolutes for ever