MSK: Osteomyelitis: Free MSRA Podcast

🎙️ MSRA Deep Dive – Osteomyelitis🦴 Think bones can’t get infected? Think again. This episode takes you deep into osteomyelitis – the high-stakes infection that can start subtly but wreak havoc fast. Get exam-ready with this focused, friendly, and high-yield guide 🚀🧠 What You'll Learn:🔍 Definition & Types• Osteomyelitis = Infection of bone and marrow• 📦 Types:Acute (sudden onset)Chronic (persistent, may relapse)Hematogenous (bloodborne – common in kids, long bones)Contiguous/Direct (from nearby infection or trauma – adults)Chronic non-bacterial (inflammatory, unclear cause)🦠 Causes & Bugs• 🔝 Staphylococcus aureus = Most common• Also: Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, E. coli, Proteus• 📛 MRSA = More severe, fewer treatment options• Fungal causes in immunocompromised or long-term antibiotics⚠️ Risk Factors💉 Direct trauma, surgery, prosthetics🦶 Diabetes (esp. foot ulcers), poor circulation📉 Immunosuppression (HIV, steroids)🚬 IV drug use🩸 Sickle cell → Salmonella osteomyelitis🧠 Mnemonic: STOP-DICH(Surgery, Trauma, Other, Peripheral vascular disease, Diabetes, IV drugs, Chronic illness, HIV)🧬 Pathophysiology• Infection → inflammation → pus & abscesses• 🔒 Bone blood supply compromised• Leads to:Sequestrum (dead bone)Involucrum (new bone)Sinus tracts (draining channels)🧾 Symptoms & Signs• Local pain, tenderness, redness, swelling• 💊 Fever, fatigue• ↓ Limb/joint movement• Chronic = subtle, ± draining tracts• 📍Spinal = back pain ± neuro signs• 🦶 Diabetic = ulcers, less pain due to neuropathy🩻 Diagnosis🧪 FBC, ↑ CRP/ESR, Blood cultures🧫 Gold standard = Bone biopsy & culture🖼️ Imaging:MRI = most sensitive (early changes)X-ray = useful in chronic or late-stage🧠 X-ray: may take 2 weeks to show bony changes🩻 Watch for: periosteal reaction, osteolysis, sequestra, involucrum🛠️ Management🧠 Mnemonic: ABCA = Antibiotics (long course, often IV → oral)B = Bone surgery (debridement, remove sequestra)C = Care (pain relief, immobilisation, rehab)💊 Antibiotics• Empirical = Flucloxacillin (+/- rifampicin)• Penicillin allergy → Clindamycin• MRSA → Vancomycin/Teicoplanin📆 Duration:• Acute = 4–6 weeks• Chronic = ≥3 months (+ multiple surgeries)📉 Complications• Chronic infection• Bone deformity or fracture• Septic arthritis• Sepsis/endocarditis/meningitis• Prosthetic loosening🧠 Mnemonic: BFIG-SPC(Bone abscess, Fracture, Impaired growth, sepsis, Prosthetic, Chronic)📊 Prognosis• Good if caught early• Chronic cases harder to treat• Risk of recurrence – needs long-term follow-up🎓 Free MSRA Resources for Osteomyelitis📝 Revision Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/osteomyelitis-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/osteomyelitis-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/osteomyelitis-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/osteomyelitis-rapid-quiz/🎯 Quiz Page:https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/osteomyelitis/💻 Full MSK Course:https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/msk-for-the-msra/#MSRA #MSRARevision #OsteomyelitisMSRA #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAQuiz #MSRAAccordions #MSKforMSRA #InfectionMSRA #OrthopaedicsMSRA #PassTheMSRA