Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment Bibliography

This review explores multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), a rare autoimmune condition characterized by progressive muscle weakness and motor conduction blocks. The paper details how the disease predominantly impacts the distal upper limbs of middle-aged men while sparing sensory functions. Electrodiagnostic testing, nerve ultrasound, and MRI serve as vital tools for identifying nerve enlargement and distinguishing MMN from similar disorders like ALS. Although high-titer anti-GM1 antibodies are found in some patients, the diagnosis relies heavily on specific clinical and electrical criteria. Immunoglobulin therapy remains the primary treatment for restoring strength, though many patients experience a very slow long-term decline. Future management may improve through complement inhibitors and other advanced immunotherapies designed to prevent permanent axonal damage.