EPISODE · Jan 24, 2024 · 3 MIN
南怀瑾带你穿越千年中国文化奥秘 /24、先认几个字--德
from 在北大听到的24堂历史课
我们现代人,一看到“德”字,很自然地就会联想到“道德”,而且毫无疑问地,“道德”就是代表好人,不好的,便叫他“缺德”。其实,把这两个字联系在一起,是汉魏以后,渐渐变成口语的习惯,尤其是从唐代开始,把《老子》一书称作《道德经》。因此,道德便成为人格行为最普通又是最高的标准了。但是,根据传统的五经文化,又有另一种解释,“德者,得也”。这是指已经达到某一种行为目的,便叫德。根据《尚书·皋陶谟》篇中的定义,共有九德——九种行为的标准:“宽而栗,柔而立,愿而恭,乱而敬,扰而毅,直而温,简而廉,刚而塞,强而义”。在《尚书·洪范》篇中,另外说到三德:“一曰正直,二曰刚克,三曰柔克”。在《周礼·地官》篇中,又有讲到六德:“知、仁、圣、义、忠、和”。
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南怀瑾带你穿越千年中国文化奥秘 /24、先认几个字--德
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