Obgyn: Uterine Fibroids: Free MSRA Podcast

⚕️ FREE MSRA PODCAST – Uterine Fibroids🎧 A clear, high-yield breakdown of this common benign uterine tumour – perfect for exam prep and real-life clinical scenarios.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• Benign smooth muscle tumours of the uterus• Also called leiomyomas or myomas• Vary in size, number, and location (intramural, submucosal, subserosal)📌 Causes & Risk Factors• Exact cause unknown – hormone sensitive (↑ oestrogen & progesterone)• Genetics: familial & specific gene mutations• African/Afro-Caribbean ancestry 🧬• Reproductive age (30–50), early menarche• Obesity, nulliparity💡 Mnemonic: FOG MEN – Family history, Obesity, Genetics, Menarche early, Ethnicity, Nulliparity📌 Pathophysiology• Proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the myometrium• Hormone-driven growth (stimulated by oestrogen)• Regression after menopause due to ↓ hormones📌 Symptoms• Heavy or prolonged periods (menorrhagia)• Pelvic pressure or pain• Urinary frequency, constipation (pressure effects)• Infertility or miscarriage (esp. submucosal)• Back pain• Often asymptomatic💡 Mnemonic: PUSH – Pain, Urinary issues, Subfertility, Heavy bleeding📌 Differential Diagnosis• Pregnancy (always rule out)• Adenomyosis, endometrial polyps• Ovarian cysts or tumours• Endometrial cancer• Chronic PID, tubo-ovarian abscess• Uterine sarcoma (rare malignancy)📌 Diagnosis• Clinical exam → enlarged, irregular, firm uterus• TVUS (transvaginal ultrasound) = 1st line• Saline infusion sonography for submucosal fibroids• MRI if unclear or pre-op mapping• Bloods: FBC (anaemia), pregnancy test• Endometrial biopsy if abnormal bleeding📌 Management🩺 Conservative• No treatment if asymptomatic – watchful waiting💊 Medical• LNG-IUS (Mirena)• Tranexamic acid, NSAIDs• COCP, oral progestogens• GnRH agonists (temporary shrinkage)• Ulipristal – not routinely used (liver toxicity)🔪 Surgical/Procedural• Myomectomy – fertility-preserving• Hysterectomy – definitive, if no fertility needed• UAE (Uterine artery embolisation) – shrinks fibroids• MRI-guided focused ultrasound – non-invasive• Other: Endometrial ablation, danazol, mifepristone📌 Complications• Iron deficiency anaemia• Infertility (submucosal fibroids)• Pregnancy issues: miscarriage, malpresentation, PPH, red degeneration• Pressure on ureters → hydronephrosis• Torsion (pedunculated fibroids)• Rare: polycythaemia (↑ erythropoietin)📌 Prognosis• Benign, often improve post-menopause• Symptoms manageable with tailored treatment📎 More MSRA Resources for Uterine Fibroids📝 Revision Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/uterine-fibroids-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/uterine-fibroids-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/uterine-fibroids-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/uterine-fibroids-rapid-quiz/🎯 Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/uterine-fibroids/🎓 Full Course:https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/obstetrics-and-gynaecology-for-the-msra/#MSRA #MSRARevisionNotes #MSRATextbook #MSRAQuiz #MSRAQuestionBank #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAQandANotes #MSRAAccordions #MultiSpecialityRecruitmentAssessment #MSRAOnlineRevision #MSRARevisionWebsite #UterineFibroids #ObstetricsAndGynaecology