Paediatrics: Childhood Urinary Tract Infections: Free MSRA Podcast

⚕️ FREE MSRA PODCAST – Urinary Tract Infection in Children🎧 A clear, high-yield breakdown of this common but serious paediatric infection – perfect for exam prep and real-life clinical scenarios.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• Bacterial infection anywhere in the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra)• High risk in <2yrs due to sepsis & underlying anomalies📌 Causes & Risk Factors• Main cause: E. coli (80%), from GI tract• Others: Klebsiella, Proteus, Staph. saprophyticus• Risk factors:Young ageFemale sex (except boys <1yr)White ethnicityPrevious UTIVoiding dysfunctionVUR (vesicoureteral reflux)ConstipationCathetersFamily historySexual activity (teens)💡 Mnemonic: "Pee-VUR-Void-Again" – Previous, VUR, Voiding issues, Anatomy, Genetics📌 Pathophysiology• Ascending infection from urethra → inflammation of urinary tract• Less commonly haematogenous spread (esp. neonates)• Symptoms from immune response📌 Symptoms• <3 months: fever, poor feeding, lethargy, vomiting, jaundice• 3 months–3 yrs: fever ± abdominal pain, vomiting• >3 yrs: dysuria, frequency, suprapubic pain, bedwetting💡 Mnemonic: "FUSS DIP" – Fever, Urine smell, Suprapubic pain, Symptoms age-dependent, Dysuria, Incontinence, Pyrexia📌 Differential Diagnosis• Vaginitis• Urethritis• STI (in teens)• Renal stones• Pylonephritis• Non-urinary causes of fever📌 Diagnosis• Always get urine before antibiotics• <3 months: urgent microscopy, culture & referral• 3 months–3 yrs: dipstick (if LE/nitrite + → treat & culture)• Imaging: US, DMSA, MCUG (if atypical/recurrent)💡 Tip: MCUG not routine unless <6 months or strong suspicion of VUR📌 Management• <3 months or very unwell: IV antibiotics, urgent referral• Pyelonephritis (mild): oral cefalexin/co-amoxiclav• Pyelonephritis (severe): IV ceftriaxone/gentamicin• Cystitis: oral trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days• Avoid routine prophylaxis after 1st UTI• Investigate recurrent UTIs💡 Key rule: IV → oral switch at 48 hrs if improving📌 Complications• Renal scarring (~5%)• Hypertension• Renal failure (long-term)• Recurrent infections📌 Prognosis• Excellent if diagnosed & treated promptly• Watch for recurrence or structural anomalies📎 More MSRA Resources for Urinary Tract Infection in Children📝 Revision Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/urinary-tract-infection-in-children-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/urinary-tract-infection-in-children-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/urinary-tract-infection-in-children-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/urinary-tract-infection-in-children-rapid-quiz/🧪 Extra Quiz:https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/urinary-tract-infection-in-children/🎓 Full Course:https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/paediatrics-for-the-msra/#MSRA #MSRARevision #MSRATextbook #MSRAQuiz #MSRAQuestionBank #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAQ&ANotes #MSRAAccordions #MultiSpecialityRecruitmentAssessment #MSRAOnlineRevision #MSRARevisionWebsite #Paediatrics #UrinaryTractInfectionChildren