Paediatrics: Congenital Hip Dislocation: Free MSRA Podcast

⚕️ FREE MSRA PODCAST – Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, DDH)🎧 A clear, practical guide to understanding and remembering this essential paediatric topic for your exams and clinical practice.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a spectrum of hip abnormalities—from shallow acetabulum to full dislocation—present from birth.📌 Causes & Risk Factors• Multifactorial: genetic predisposition, mechanical forces, and in-utero positioning• Major risk factors:– Breech presentation– Female sex– Family history– Firstborn child– Oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid)– Certain genetic syndromes• Mnemonic: “BFF First GO” (Breech, Female, Family, Firstborn, Genetics, Oligohydramnios)📌 Pathophysiology• Shallow or abnormally formed hip socket (acetabulum)• Poor fit allows femoral head to slip or dislocate• Instability ranges from mild subluxation to complete dislocation📌 Clinical Presentation• In neonates:– Hip instability on exam (Ortolani/Barlow tests)– Limited hip abduction– Asymmetric gluteal or thigh creases• In older infants/children:– Limb length discrepancy– Delayed crawling or walking– Limp, waddling gait, positive Trendelenburg sign📌 Differential Diagnosis• Transient neonatal hip instability• Septic arthritis• Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease• Other hip infections• Muscular torticollis📌 Diagnosis• Clinical examination—Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers (best <3 months)• Ultrasound: gold standard in infants under 6 months• X-ray: for children >6 months (look for acetabular shape, Shenton’s line)📌 Management• Observation: for mild, stable cases that may resolve• Pavlik harness: first-line for infants <6 months—keeps hips flexed and abducted• Surgery: closed or open reduction + hip spica cast if harness fails or for late diagnosis• Key: Early referral to paediatric orthopaedics📌 Complications• If untreated:– Chronic pain– Limp– Early-onset osteoarthritis– Functional impairment📌 Prognosis• Excellent with early detection and treatment• Most children treated early achieve normal hip function📎 MSRA Resources for DDH / Congenital Dislocation of the Hip📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/congenital-dislocation-of-the-hip-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/congenital-dislocation-of-the-hip-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/congenital-dislocation-of-the-hip-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/congenital-dislocation-of-the-hip-rapid-quiz/🎓 Full Course: https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/paediatrics-for-the-msra/#MSRA #MSRARevision #MSRAQuestionBank #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAQuiz #Paediatrics #DDH #DevelopmentalDysplasiaHip #CongenitalHipDislocation